Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Leading articles:

Paolo Monini, Cecilia Sgadari, Giovanni Barillari, and Barbara Ensoli

HIV protease inhibitors: antiretroviral agents with anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 207-211; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg086 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Graeme Moyle

Stopping HIV fusion with enfuvirtide: the first step to extracellular HAART
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 213-217; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg066 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Damian J. McColl and Michael D. Miller

The use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the treatment of nucleoside-resistant HIV-1
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 219-223; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg109 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Federico Pulido and José R. Arribas

Treatment of advanced HIV infection
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 225-227; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg065 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Reviews:

Shalom Spira, Mark A. Wainberg, Hugues Loemba, Dan Turner, and Bluma G. Brenner

Impact of clade diversity on HIV-1 virulence, antiretroviral drug sensitivity and drug resistance
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 229-240; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg079 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Karen W. Martin and Edzard Ernst

Herbal medicines for treatment of bacterial infections: a review of controlled clinical trials
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 241-246; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg087 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Original articles:

Reiko Yoshida, Kyoko Kuwahara-Arai, Tadashi Baba, Longzhu Cui, Judith F. Richardson, and Keiichi Hiramatsu

Physiological and molecular analysis of a mecA-negative Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain that expresses heterogeneous methicillin resistance
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 247-255; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg036 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jean-Denis Docquier, Josette Lamotte-Brasseur, Moreno Galleni, Gianfranco Amicosante, Jean-Marie Frère, and Gian Maria Rossolini

On functional and structural heterogeneity of VIM-type metallo-ß-lactamases
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 257-266; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg067 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Thierry Naas, Samuel Bellais, and Patrice Nordmann

Molecular and biochemical characterization of a carbapenem-hydrolysing ß-lactamase from Flavobacterium johnsoniae
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 267-273; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg069 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Daniel Jonas, Inge Engels, Doris Hartung, Jan Beyersmann, Uwe Frank, and Franz D. Daschner

Development and mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in Legionella pneumophila
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 275-280; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg054 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Christine Imbert, Edith Lassy, Gyslaine Daniault, Jean-Louis Jacquemin, and Marie-Hélène Rodier

Treatment of plastic and extracellular matrix components with chlorhexidine or benzalkonium chloride: effect on Candida albicans adherence capacity in vitro
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 281-287; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg088 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Derek F. J. Brown and Enid Walpole

Evaluation of selective and enrichment media for isolation of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci from faecal specimens
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 289-296; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg076 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Caroline B. Moore, Caroline M. Walls, and David W. Denning

Comparison of three methods for in vitro susceptibility testing of Candida species with flucytosine
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 297-304; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg077 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

P. David Rogers, Robert E. Kramer, Janice K. Crews, and Russell E. Lewis

The activity of amphotericin B against Candida albicans is not directly associated with extracellular calcium concentration
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 305-312; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg075 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Russell E. Lewis, Nir Osherov, Nathaniel D. Albert, and Gregory S. May

Combination of caspofungin with inhibitors of the calcineurin pathway attenuates growth in vitro in Aspergillus species
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 313-316; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg090 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Angélica Reyes, Helia Bello, Mariana Domínguez, S. Mella, R. Zemelman, and G. González

Prevalence and types of class 1 integrons in aminoglycoside-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from several Chilean hospitals
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 317-321; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg083 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

G. S. Simonsen, L. Småbrekke, D. L. Monnet, T. L. Sørensen, J. K. Møller, K. G. Kristinsson, A. Lagerqvist-Widh, E. Torell, A. Digranes, S. Harthug, and A. Sundsfjord

Prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin and vancomycin in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from clinical specimens and use of antimicrobials in five Nordic hospitals
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 323-331; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg052 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

J. I. Alós, B. Aracil, J. Oteo, J. L. Gómez-Garcés, and the Spanish Group for the Study of Infection in the Primary Health Care Setting (IAP-SEIMC)

Significant increase in the prevalence of erythromycin-resistant, clindamycin- and miocamycin-susceptible (M phenotype) Streptococcus pyogenes in Spain
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 333-337; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg100 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jan M. Bell, John D. Turnidge, Charles H. Ballow, Ronald N. Jones, and the ZAPS Regional Participants

Multicentre evaluation of the in vitro activity of linezolid in the Western Pacific
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 339-345; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg074 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

J. Van Eldere

Multicentre surveillance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility patterns in nosocomial infections
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 347-352; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg102 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Masakatsu Tsuji, Hayato Matsuda, Hideaki Miwa, and Shuichi Miyazaki

Antimicrobial-induced release of endotoxin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa: comparison of in vitro and animal models
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 353-359; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg042 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jaana Harmoinen, Kirsi Vaali, Pertti Koski, Kaisa Syrjänen, Outi Laitinen, Kai Lindevall, and Elias Westermarck

Enzymic degradation of a ß-lactam antibiotic, ampicillin, in the gut: a novel treatment modality
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 361-365; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg095 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Michael F. Loughlin, Dlawer A. Ala’Aldeen, and Peter J. Jenks

Monotherapy with mastic does not eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection from mice
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 367-371; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg057 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Tom B. Vree, Erik Dammers, and Peter S. Exler

Identical pattern of highly variable absorption of clavulanic acid from four different oral formulations of co-amoxiclav in healthy subjects
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 373-378; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg082 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Antimicrobial practice:

Thean Yen Tan, Cliodna McNulty, Andre Charlett, Nazma Nessa, Clare Kelly, and Trevor Beswick

Laboratory antibiotic susceptibility reporting and antibiotic prescribing in general practice
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 379-384; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg032 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

N. Bruinsma, J. M. Hutchinson, A. E. van den Bogaard, H. Giamarellou, J. Degener, and E. E. Stobberingh

Influence of population density on antibiotic resistance
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 385-390; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg072 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Dilip Nathwani, Gavin D. Barlow, Katherine Ajdukiewicz, Kirsteen Gray, John Morrison, Ben Clift, Anthony J. France, and Peter Davey

Cost-minimization analysis and audit of antibiotic management of bone and joint infections with ambulatory teicoplanin, in-patient care or outpatient oral linezolid therapy
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 391-396; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg061 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Brief reports:

Seok Hoon Jeong, Kyungwon Lee, Yunsop Chong, Jong Hwa Yum, Sang Hee Lee, Hyuk Jin Choi, Jeong Man Kim, Kil Ho Park, Byung Hoon Han, Sang Wook Lee, and Tae Sik Jeong

Characterization of a new integron containing VIM-2, a metallo- ß-lactamase gene cassette, in a clinical isolate of Enterobacter cloacae
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 397-400; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg047 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Claudia Balagué, Luisa Fernández, Jorgelina Pérez, and Roberto Grau

Effect of ciprofloxacin on adhesive properties of non-P mannose-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 401-404; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg048 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

P. David Rogers, Katherine S. Barker, Vanessa Herring, and Melissa Jacob

Heat-induced superaggregation of amphotericin B attenuates its ability to induce cytokine and chemokine production in the human monocytic cell line THP-1
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 405-408; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg070 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Manuela Caniça, Ricardo Dias, M. Vitória Vaz-Pato, and Catarina Carvalho

Two major Spanish clones of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Portuguese isolates of clinical origin
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 409-414; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg078 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Vikas Manchanda and Narendra P. Singh

Occurrence and detection of AmpC ß-lactamases among Gram-negative clinical isolates using a modified three-dimensional test at Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 415-418; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg098 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Ane B. Poulsen, Robert Skov, and Lars V. Pallesen

Detection of methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci and in staphylococci directly from simulated blood cultures using the EVIGENE MRSA Detection Kit
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 419-421; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg084 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Diamantis Plachouras, Sotirios Skiathitis, Maria Raftogiannis, Amalia Dionyssiou-Asteriou, Ismini Dontas, Panayotis E. Karayannacos, and Helen Giamarellou

Ex vivo synergy of arachidonate-enriched serum with ceftazidime and amikacin on multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 423-426; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg026 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Shai Ashkenazi, Itzhak Levy, Vered Kazaronovski, and Zmira Samra

Growing antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 427-429; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg080 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Francesco Barchiesi, Giuseppina Caggiano, Monia Maracci, Daniela Arzeni, Giorgio Scalise, and Maria Teresa Montagna

Antifungal susceptibility patterns of yeast isolates causing bloodstream infections
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 431-433; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg073 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

N. Lall, M. Das Sarma, B. Hazra, and J. J. M. Meyer

Antimycobacterial activity of diospyrin derivatives and a structural analogue of diospyrin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 435-438; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg068 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Luigi Gatta, Federico Perna, Natale Figura, Chiara Ricci, John Holton, Luigi D’Anna, Mario Miglioli, and Dino Vaira

Antimicrobial activity of esomeprazole versus omeprazole against Helicobacter pylori
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 439-442; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg085 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Glenn A. Pankuch, Michael R. Jacobs, and Peter C. Appelbaum

Bactericidal activity of daptomycin against Streptococcus pneumoniae compared with eight other antimicrobials
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 443-446; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg091 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Mayumi Kijima-Tanaka, Kanako Ishihara, Ayako Morioka, Akemi Kojima, Tomoko Ohzono, Kaori Ogikubo, Toshio Takahashi, and Yutaka Tamura

A national surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from food-producing animals in Japan
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 447-451; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg014 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Melissa D. Johnson, Carol D. Hamilton, Richard H. Drew, Linda L. Sanders, Gennethel J. Pennick, and John R. Perfect

A randomized comparative study to determine the effect of omeprazole on the peak serum concentration of itraconazole oral solution
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 453-457; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg089 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

S. Swoboda, K. Oberdorfer, F. Klee, T. Hoppe-Tichy, H. von Baum, and H. K. Geiss

Tissue and serum concentrations of levofloxacin 500 mg administered intravenously or orally for antibiotic prophylaxis in biliary surgery
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 459-462; doi:10.1093/jac/dgk056 [Abstract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Correspondence:

L. Mark Fisher and Victoria J. Heaton

Dual activity of fluoroquinolones against Streptococcus pneumoniae
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 463-464; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg059 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Heather J. Smith, Kimberly A. Nichol, Daryl J. Hoban, and George G. Zhanel

Reply
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 464-465; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg060 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

J. M. Darville and A. M. Lovering

Variation in the content of ciprofloxacin susceptibility testing discs: its effect on the BSAC disc method
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 465-467; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg093 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

James A. Karlowsky and Mark E. Jones

Importance of using current NCCLS breakpoints to interpret cefotaxime and ceftriaxone MICs for Streptococcus pneumoniae
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 467-468; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg108 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Iain B. Gosbell, Stephen A. Neville, Joanne L. Mercer, Lorna A. Fernandes, and Clarence J. Fernandes

Detection of intrinsic oxacillin resistance in non-multiresistant, oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (NORSA)
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 468-470; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg064 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

I. Alobwede, F. H. M’Zali, D. M. Livermore, J. Heritage, N. Todd, and P. M. Hawkey

CTX-M extended-spectrum ß-lactamase arrives in the UK
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 470-471; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg096 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

C. Neuwirth, E. Siebor, M. Pruneaux, M. Zarnayova, C. Simonin, J. P. Kisterman, and R. Labia

First isolation of CTX-M15-producing Escherichia coli from two French patients
JAC Advance Access published on January 6, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 471-473; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg062 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Edouard Gerbaud, Fabienne Tamion, Christophe Girault, Karine Clabault, Stephane Lepretre, Jacques Leroy, and Guy Bonmarchand

Persistent acute tubular toxicity after switch from conventional amphotericin B to liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome)
JAC Advance Access published on January 14, 2003
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 473-475; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg092 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Erratum:

Dagmar Mainz, Klaus Borner, Peter Koeppe, Jochen Kotwas, and Hartmut Lode

Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin after simultaneous and single administration
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003 51: 477; doi:10.1093/jac/dkg155 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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