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JAC Advance Access published online on March 7, 2008
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkn079
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Original research

Antimicrobial susceptibility of periodontopathogenic bacteria

Eva M. Kulik*, Krystyna Lenkeit, Stephan Chenaux and Jürg Meyer

Institute for Preventive Dentistry and Oral Microbiology, Dental School, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 3, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland

Received 17 December 2007; returned 22 January 2008; revised 5 February 2008; accepted 6 February 2008

* Corresponding author. Tel: +41-61-267-2597; Fax: +41-61-267-2658; E-mail: eva.kulik{at}unibas.ch

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance profiles of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia/Prevotella nigrescens and to detect possible changes in antibiotic resistance over the time period of 1991–2005.

Methods: A. actinomycetemcomitans (125 strains), P. gingivalis (152 strains) and P. intermedia/P. nigrescens (326 strains) isolated during the years 1991–2005 were tested for their susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, clindamycin, metronidazole, phenoxymethylpenicillin and tetracycline using the Etest.

Results: No antibiotic resistance was detected in P. gingivalis, whereas a few isolates of P. intermedia were not susceptible to clindamycin (0.9%), phenoxymethylpenicillin (13.5%) or tetracycline (12.6%). Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline and metronidazole were the most effective antibiotics against A. actinomycetemcomitans with 0%, 0.8% and 20.8% non-susceptible isolates, respectively. However, 88% of the A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates were non-susceptible to phenoxymethylpenicillin and 88% to clindamycin. When strains isolated in the years 1991–94 were compared with those isolated in the years 2001–04, there was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of A. actinomycetemcomitans strains non-susceptible to clindamycin, metronidazole or phenoxymethylpenicillin, or in the percentage of P. intermedia strains non-susceptible to phenoxymethylpenicillin or tetracycline (P > 0.4 each).

Conclusions: Increasing antibiotic resistances in periodontopathogenic bacteria are not yet a problem in the Northern part of Switzerland.

Key Words: Etest , MIC , Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Prevotella intermedia


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