JAC Advance Access published online on December 11, 2007
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkm464
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Intercontinental emergence of Escherichia coli clone O25:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15
1 Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital AP-HP Beaujon, 92110 Clichy, France 2 Inserm, U-773, Faculté de Médecine D. Diderot, Université Paris 7, Paris, France 3 E. coli Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain 4 Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Hospitalario Xeral-Calde, Lugo, Spain 5 Antibiotic Resistance Unit, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal 6 Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea 7 Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Virologie et Parasitologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France 8 Calgary Laboratory Services and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada 9 Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Received 29 August 2007; returned 12 October 2007; revised 19 October 2007; accepted 6 November 2007
* Corresponding author. Tel: +33-1-40-87-56-06; Fax: +33-1-40-87-05-50; E-mail: mhn.chanoine{at}bjn.aphp.fr
Background: Concomitant with the recent emergence of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), Escherichia coli has become the enterobacterial species most affected by ESBLs. Multiple locales are encountering CTX-M-positive E. coli, including specifically CTX-M-15. To gain insights into the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we assessed clonality and diversity of virulence profiles within an international collection of CTX-M-15-positive E. coli.
Methods: Forty-one ESBL-positive E. coli isolates from eight countries and three continents (Europe, Asia and North America) were selected for study based on suspected clonality. Phylogenetic group, ERIC2 PCR profile, O H serotype, AmpC variant and antibiotic susceptibility were determined. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and PFGE provided additional discrimination. Virulence potential was inferred by detection of 46 virulence factor (VF) genes.
Results: Thirty-six (88%) of the 41 E. coli isolates exhibited the same set of core characteristics: phylogenetic group B2, ERIC2 PCR profile 1, serotype O25:H4, AmpC EC6, ciprofloxacin resistance and MLST profile ST131. By PFGE, the 36 isolates constituted one large cluster at the 68% similarity level; this comprised 17 PFGE groups (defined at 85% similarity), some of which included strains from different countries. The 36 isolates exhibited highly (91% to 100%) similar VF profiles.
Conclusions: We describe a broadly disseminated, CTX-M-15-positive and virulent E. coli clonal group with highly homogeneous virulence genotypes and subgroups exhibiting highly similar PFGE profiles, suggesting recent emergence. Understanding how this clone has emerged and successfully disseminated within the hospital and community, including across national boundaries, should be a public health priority.
Key Words: enterobacteria , E. coli , multidrug resistance
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