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JAC Advance Access published online on November 9, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkl458
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received July 4, 2006
Revised September 11, 2006
Accepted October 14, 2006

Brief report

Third Belgian multicentre survey of antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria

Ingrid Wybo 1 *, Denis Piérard 1, Inge Verschraegen 1, Marijke Reynders 2, Kristof Vandoorslaer 1, Geert Claeys 3, Michel Delmée 4, Youri Glupczynski 5, Bart Gordts 6, Margaretha Ieven 7, Pierrette Melin 8, Marc Struelens 9, Jan Verhaegen 10, and Sabine Lauwers 1

1 Academisch Ziekenhuis Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
2 Academisch Ziekenhuis Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Universitair Medisch Centrum Sint-Pieter, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
3 Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
4 Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
5 Cliniques Universitaires de Mont-Godinne, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
6 Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Jan, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
7 Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
8 Cliniques Universitaires de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
9 Hôpital Universitaire Erasme, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
10 Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ingrid Wybo, E-mail: ingrid.wybo{at}az.vub.ac.be


  Abstract

Objectives: To collect recent data on the susceptibility of anaerobes and to compare them with results from previous studies.

Methods: Four hundred and forty-three anaerobic clinical isolates from various body sites were prospectively collected from October 2003 to February 2005 in nine Belgian hospitals. MICs were determined for nine anti-anaerobic and three recently developed antibiotics.

Results: Most Gram-negative bacilli except Fusobacterium spp. were resistant to penicillin. Piperacillin/tazobactam, metronidazole, chloramphenicol, meropenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were very active against all groups, but only 86% of Bacteroides fragilis group strains were susceptible to the latter. Cefoxitin, cefotetan and clindamycin were less active. In particular, only 62%, 52% and 48% of B. fragilis group strains were susceptible, respectively. Clindamycin shows a continuing decrease in activity, as 83% were still susceptible in 1987 and 66% in 1993-94. Anti-anaerobic activity of the new antibiotics is interesting, with MIC50 and MIC90 of 1 and >32 mg/L for moxifloxacin, 2 and 4 mg/L for linezolid and 0.5 and 8 mg/L for tigecycline.

Conclusions: The susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria remains stable in Belgium, except for clindamycin, which shows a continuous decrease in activity. However, for each of the tested antibiotics, at least a few resistant organisms were detected. Consequently, for severe infections involving anaerobic bacteria, it could be advisable to perform microbiological testing instead of relying on known susceptibility profiles. Periodically monitoring background susceptibility remains necessary to guide empirical therapy.

Keywords: anaerobes; Etest; surveillance; empirical therapy.
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