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JAC Advance Access published online on July 24, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkl290
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received February 26, 2006
Revised May 22, 2006
Accepted June 23, 2006

Original article

In vitro inhibitory effect of antituberculosis drugs on clinical and environmental strains of Coccidioides posadasii

Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro 1 *, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante 2, Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha 3, Maria Auxiliadora Bezerra Fechine 4, Zoilo Pires de Camargo 5, and José Júlio Costa Sidrim 2

1 Medical Mycology Specialized Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Department of Biological Science, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
2 Medical Mycology Specialized Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
3 Medical Mycology Specialized Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
4 Medical Mycology Specialized Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
5 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro, E-mail: ross{at}uece.br


  Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of the first-line antimicrobial drugs for pulmonary tuberculosis against the fungal pathogen Coccidioides posadasii.

Methods: The in vitro activities of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol against clinical and environmental strains of C. posadasii were determined in accordance with the CSLI M38-A macrodilution method. The antimicrobials were tested alone or in combinations of two or more drugs.

Results: With the exception of pyrazinamide, all of the tested drugs interfered with the in vitro growth of C. posadasii. The 2 day MIC ranges of the tested drugs were as follows: rifampicin 1060-4250 mg/L; isoniazid ≤250 mg/L; ethambutol ≤620 mg/L. Pronounced in vitro synergism was demonstrated for combined antituberculosis drugs. The combination of rifampicin plus pyrazinamide was the only one that did not inhibit fungal growth.

Conclusions: The present study showed that the first-line antituberculosis drugs, alone or in combinations, interfered with the vegetative growth of C. posadasii strains in vitro. Further studies in a murine model will need to be conducted in order to evaluate the in vivo effect of antituberculosis drugs on Coccidioides spp.

Keywords: susceptibility testing; coccidioidomycosis; pulmonary tuberculosis; Brazil.
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