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JAC Advance Access published online on July 1, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkl273
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received March 29, 2006
Revised May 15, 2006
Accepted June 1, 2006

Original article

High prevalence of OXA-51-type class D {beta}-lactamases among ceftazidime-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp.: co-existence with OXA-58 in multiple centres

Haluk Vahaboglu 1 *, Fatma Budak 2, Murat Kasap 3, Gulcin Gacar 2, Sinem Torol 4, Aynur Karadenizli 2, Fetiye Kolayli 2, and Cafer Eroglu 5

1 Enfeksiyon Hast. & Klin Mikrobiyoloji AD, Kocaeli Universitesi, Kocaeli, Turkey
2 Mikrobiyoloji. & Klin Mikrobiyoloji AD, Kocaeli Universitesi, Kocaeli, Turkey
3 Tibbi Biyoloji AD, Kocaeli Universitesi, Kocaeli, Turkey
4 Biofizik AD, Kocaeli Universitesi, Kocaeli, Turkey
5 Mikrobiyoloji. & Klin Mikrobiyoloji AD, Ondokuzmayis Universitesi, Samsun, Turkey

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Haluk Vahaboglu, E-mail: vahabo{at}hotmail.com


  Abstract

Objectives: This study was designed to demonstrate the prevalence of the newly discovered carbapenem-hydrolysing class D enzymes, OXA-51-type and OXA-58, among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp.

Methods: A total of 72 isolates from six centres were studied. Isolates were screened by PCR with specific primers for blaOXA-51-type and blaOXA-58. PCR products were sequence-analysed. Plasmids were digested with EcoRV and genomic DNAs were digested with PvuII. Hybridization experiments were done with digoxigenin-labelled specific probes. Macro-restriction analysis was done on SmaI-digested genomic DNAs.

Results: A total of 56 (77.8%) isolates were positive for blaOXA-51-type genes. Sequence analysis of the products from 23 selected isolates revealed the occurrence of multiple alleles in all contributing centres. The blaOXA-58 gene was detected among 10 isolates from five centres. All were also positive for blaOXA-51-type genes. Among the blaOXA-58-positive isolates, two from the same centre were positive for a novel OXA-51 allele (OXA-86). Southern hybridization of plasmids and of genomic DNAs suggested that blaOXA-51-type genes are located on chromosomes whereas blaOXA-58 genes are plasmid borne in these 10 isolates. Plasmid profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns indicated the spread of the blaOXA-58 gene among multiple clones. The blaOXA-51-type and blaOXA-58 co-carrier strains were mostly associated with a pandrug-resistant phenotype.

Conclusions: This study indicated that blaOXA-58-bearing plasmids are readily spreading among multiple clones of the blaOXA-51-type-bearing clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Since these isolates are highly resistant to antibiotics this finding indicates the existence of a significant problem in Turkish hospitals.

Keywords: oxacillinases; carbapenemases; pandrug resistance.
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