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JAC Advance Access published online on April 24, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkl152
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received February 6, 2006
Revised March 28, 2006
Accepted March 30, 2006

Brief report

Comparative in vitro activity of PGE 9262932 and fluoroquinolones against Canadian clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, including molecularly characterized ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates

Heather J. Adam 1 *, Kristen N. Schurek 1, Melanie R. DeCorby 1, Barbara Weshnoweski 2, Ravinder Vashisht 2, Kathy Karlowsky 1, Daryl J. Hoban 3, and George G. Zhanel 4

1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W3, Canada
2 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3A 1R9, Canada
3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W3, Canada; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3A 1R9, Canada
4 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W3, Canada; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3A 1R9, Canada; Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3A 1R9, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Heather J. Adam, E-mail: hjadam{at}gmail.com


  Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of the non-fluorinated quinolone PGE 9262932 against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with various resistance phenotypes: ciprofloxacin-resistant, macrolide-resistant, penicillin-resistant and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant.

Methods: The in vitro activity of PGE 9262932 against 2585 recent Canadian S. pneumoniae isolates with various resistance phenotypes was determined and compared with that of gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin. In particular, the activity of PGE 9262932 against ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates with defined parC and gyrA mutations was assessed.

Results: PGE 9262932 MIC90s were ≤0.015 mg/L for all S. pneumoniae and 0.12 mg/L for the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates. Resistance to penicillin, macrolides or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole had little effect on the PGE 9262932 MICs. The quinolone MIC50/90s were only slightly affected by the presence of one parC or gyrA mutation, but increased 2- to 16-fold in the presence of mutations in both parC and gyrA, depending on the specific quinolone. With each quinolone resistance genotype, the order of activity, based on MIC90, against the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates was PGE 9262932, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin.

Conclusions: PGE 9262932 was the most active quinolone against all S. pneumoniae isolates, regardless of resistance phenotype.

Keywords: quinolones; resistance; pneumococcus.
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K. Z. Vardakas MD, I. I. Siempos MD, A. Grammatikos MD, Z. Athanassa MD, I. P. Korbila MD, and M. E. Falagas MD DSc
Respiratory fluoroquinolones for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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