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JAC Advance Access published online on March 13, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkl080
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received November 20, 2005
Revised January 29, 2006
Accepted February 20, 2006

Original article

Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of non-jejuni/coli campylobacters and arcobacters from Belgium

Olivier Vandenberg 1 *, Kurt Houf 2, Nicole Douat 3, Linda Vlaes 4, Patricia Retore 4, Jean-Paul Butzler 5, and Anne Dediste 4

1 National Reference Centre for Enteric Campylobacter, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; Infectious Diseases Epidemiological Unit, Public Health School, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
2 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
3 Department of Microbiology, Brugmann University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
4 Department of Microbiology, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
5 Department of Human Ecology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Olivier Vandenberg, E-mail: olivier_vandenberg{at}stpierre-bru.be


  Abstract

Objectives: To determine the susceptibility of non-jejuni/coli campylobacters and arcobacters isolated from diarrhoeal stool specimens in Belgium.

Methods: The MICs were determined using Etest for six antimicrobial agents including ampicillin, erythromycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and tetracycline for the most frequently isolated non-jejuni/coli campylobacter and arcobacter strains in two University Hospital laboratories between 1995 and 2005.

Results: In total, 85 Campylobacter upsaliensis, 20 Campylobacter concisus, 11 Campylobacter fetus, 61 Arcobacter butzleri and 10 Arcobacter cryaerophilus isolates were tested. Most C. upsaliensis strains were susceptible to ampicillin (100%), gentamicin (100%), ciprofloxacin (94.1%) and tetracycline (100%), whereas 11.8 and 12.9% were resistant to nalidixic acid and erythromycin, respectively. For A. butzleri, 78.7% of isolates were susceptible to ampicillin and erythromycin. Most A. butzleri isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin (96.7%), nalidixic acid (82.0%), gentamicin (100%) and tetracycline (100%). All C. concisus strains were fully susceptible to ampicillin and tetracycline, but 5% of them were resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Nearly all C. fetus and A. cryaerophilus strains were susceptible to erythromycin but the results should be interpreted with caution since only a small number of strains were tested.

Conclusions: Fluoroquinolones should be considered in the treatment of severe C. upsaliensis and A. butzleri infection. When clinically indicated, erythromycin remains the first choice for the treatment of intestinal campylobacteriosis caused by C. concisus and C. fetus.

Keywords: diarrhoea; resistance; Etest; Campylobacter upsaliensis; Campylobacter concisus.
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