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JAC Advance Access published online on March 1, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkl055
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received December 5, 2005
Revised February 2, 2006
Accepted February 10, 2006

Brief report

Spread of blaCTX-M-type and blaPER-2 {beta}-lactamase genes in clinical isolates from Bolivian hospitals

Giuseppe Celenza 1, Cristina Pellegrini 1, Marisa Caccamo 1, Bernardetta Segatore 1, Gianfranco Amicosante 1, and Mariagrazia Perilli 1 *

1 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di L'Aquila, I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mariagrazia Perilli, E-mail: perilli{at}univaq.it


  Abstract

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and types of genes encoding extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases (ESBLs) in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. from Bolivia.

Methods: A total of 642 clinical isolates were collected consecutively during a 4 month period (September to December 2004). Resistance or reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime and/or aztreonam was assessed using double disc synergy tests using clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam to identify putative ESBL-producing isolates. The ESBL determinants were characterized by colony blot hybridization, PCR and DNA sequencing.

Results: Of the 642 isolates, 220 (34.3%) showed resistance or reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime and/or aztreonam, and 150 (23.4%) were putative ESBL producers. A total of 106 ESBL- producing isolates contained the blaCTX-M-2 gene, and 32 isolates had a novel allele, blaCTX-M-43. blaCTX-M alleles were detected in all P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. studied. In contrast, only 12 ESBL- producing isolates had blaPER-2, mainly Enterobacteriaceae, although it was also found in a strain of P. aeruginosa.

Conclusions: This is the first study on ESBL-producing strains in Bolivia and it reveals a high prevalence of blaCTX-M genes. The PER-2 enzyme was less prevalent, but its gene was detected in several species, including P. aeruginosa, which is consistent with horizontal transfer.

Keywords: CTX-M-43; CTX-M-2; PER-2; South America.
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