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JAC Advance Access published online on December 13, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dki439
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Published by Oxford University Press 2005
Received July 7, 2005
Revised November 3, 2005
Accepted November 7, 2005

Original article

Genetic relatedness of a rarely isolated Salmonella: Salmonella enterica serotype Niakhar from NARMS animal isolates

J. D. Tankson 1, P. J. Fedorka-Cray 1 *, C. R. Jackson 1, and M. Headrick 2

1 USDA/Agricultural Research Services, Bacterial and Epidemiology Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, 950 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
2 US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, 7500 Standish Place HFV-200, Rockville, MD 20855, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
P. J. Fedorka-Cray, E-mail: pcray{at}saa.ars.usda.gov


  Abstract

Background: In the United States, Salmonella enterica serotype Niakhar is infrequently isolated. Between 1997 and 2000, the animal arm of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System--Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) assayed a total of 22 383 Salmonella isolates from various animal sources (swine, cattle, chickens, turkeys, cats, horses, exotics and dogs) for antimicrobial susceptibility. Isolates originated from diagnostic and non-diagnostic submissions.

Objectives: To study the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Salmonella Niakhar.

Methods and results: Only five (0.02%) of the 22 383 isolates were identified as Salmonella Niakhar. Antimicrobial resistance testing indicated that three isolates were pan-susceptible, one isolate was resistant to ampicillin and one isolate was resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. RAPD-PCR analysis, PFGE and ribotyping indicated that two pan-susceptible isolates were genetically similar, whereas the three remaining isolates were genetically different. The one Salmonella Niakhar isolate that was multiresistant harboured a class I integron, intI1 and two large plasmids.

Conclusions: This study represents the first report of a ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella isolate from the animal arm of NARMS.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; multiple drug resistance; integrons; PFGE; ribotyping.
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