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JAC Advance Access published online on November 30, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dki429
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received August 8, 2005
Revised October 28, 2005
Accepted November 1, 2005

Original article

CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamase from Nigerian Klebsiella pneumoniae

Olusegun O. Soge 1, Anne Marie Queenan 2, Kayode K. Ojo 3, Bolanle A. Adeniyi 4, and Marilyn C. Roberts 3 *

1 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
2 Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Raritan, NJ, USA
3 Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
4 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Marilyn C. Roberts, E-mail: marilynr{at}u.washington.edu


  Abstract

Objectives: In this study, extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases (ESBLs) were characterized from 30 selected multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections from Southwest Nigeria.

Methods: The {beta}-lactamases were phenotypically characterized using isoelectric focusing, genotypically characterized using PCR assays and hybridization of the PCR products. Two of the blaCTX-M genes were completely sequenced. The location of the CTX-M-type genes was determined using transformation, DNA-DNA hybridization, PCR assays and hybridization of the PCR products from the Escherichia coli transformants.

Results: All 30 isolates produced at least one {beta}-lactamase. Seventeen of the isolates were resistant to cefotaxime, and had ≥100-fold reduction in susceptibility with cefotaxime plus clavulanic acid (4 mg/L), indicating the presence of an ESBL. The 17 isolates were shown to have blaCTX-M genes that were associated with large plasmids (≥58 kb), which also carried a tetracycline resistance gene, tet(A), and various aminoglycoside resistance genes. Two CTX-M-type genes were sequenced and had amino acid sequences indistinguishable from previously sequenced CTX-M-15 {beta}-lactamases. The ISEcp1 element was located upstream of blaCTX-M-15 in the same position as previously described. In addition, 23 of the isolates produced TEM {beta}-lactamases, 27 produced SHV {beta}-lactamases and four produced AmpC {beta}-lactamases.

Conclusions: Thirty K. pneumoniae produced multiple {beta}-lactamases, with 57% producing CTX-M enzymes. This is the first characterization of CTX-M-15-positive K. pneumoniae in Western Africa.

Keywords: K. pneumoniae; ESBLs; CTX-M enzymes.
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