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JAC Advance Access published online on August 11, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dki281
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received April 12, 2005
Revised June 30, 2005
Accepted July 14, 2005

Brief report

Global distribution of TEM-1 and ROB-1 {beta}-lactamases in Haemophilus influenzae

D. J. Farrell 1*, I. Morrissey 1, S. Bakker 1, S. Buckridge 1, and D. Felmingham 1

1 GR Micro Limited, 7-9 William Road, London NW1 3ER, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
D. J. Farrell, E-mail: D.Farrell{at}grmicro.co.uk


  Abstract

Objectives: To determine the global distribution of TEM-1 and ROB-1 {beta}-lactamases in Haemophilus influenzae isolated from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infection during the first 4 years of the PROTEKT study (1999-2003). To investigate the activities of commonly used antibiotics against these isolates.

Methods: For 14 870 H. influenzae, MIC testing was performed using NCCLS broth microdilution methodology. For 2225 {beta}-lactamase-positive (BLP) H. influenzae, TEM-1 and ROB-1 genes were detected using a Taqman PCR method.

Results: {beta}-Lactamase positivity was 15.0% overall but varied greatly by country (<5% in several countries to 67.9% in Taiwan). Prevalences of TEM-1 and ROB-1 BLP H. influenzae were 93.7% and 4.6%, respectively, however almost all ROB-1 isolates were found in Canada, the USA and Mexico. ROB-1 isolates (n=102) were less susceptible against cefaclor (29.4% versus 87.6%) and cefprozil (42.2% versus 91.9%) than TEM-1 (n=2085) isolates. Differences in susceptibility rates for chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline were also found between the two groups.

Conclusions: The ROB-1 {beta}-lactamase was found almost exclusively in North America and was more active against cefaclor and cefprozil than the TEM-1 {beta}-lactamase.

Keywords: surveillance; resistance genes; cefaclor; cefprozil.
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