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JAC Advance Access published online on April 21, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dki128
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received October 1, 2004
Revised February 9, 2005
Accepted March 17, 2005

Brief report

A 6 week course of azithromycin treatment has no beneficial effect on atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice chronically infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae

E. Blessing 1 {dagger},, L. A. Campbell 1, M. E. Rosenfeld 1, B. Chesebro 2 {ddagger}, and C.-C. Kuo 1*

1 Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA, USA
2 Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
C.-C. Kuo, E-mail: cckuo{at}u.washington.edu


  Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate whether antimicrobial chemotherapy prevents acceleration of atherosclerotic lesion development induced by infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Methods: ApoE-deficient mice which develop hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis spontaneously were inoculated intranasally with C. pneumoniae. Animals were treated with azithromycin for 6 weeks after the third inoculation and the atherosclerotic lesion areas in the aortic sinus were measured by computer-assisted morphometry.

Results: At 12 weeks post-infection, infected untreated animals developed significantly larger lesion areas compared with sham-inoculated controls (8.7 x 104±2.3 x 104 µm2 versus 5.6 x 104±2.4 x 104 µm2). However, there were no differences in lesion size of infected mice treated with azithromycin in comparison with untreated infected controls (11.0 x 104±3.0 x 104 µm2 versus 8.7 x 104±2.3 x 104 µm2).

Conclusions: Antibiotic treatment against C. pneumoniae has no beneficial effects on hyperlipidaemia-induced atherosclerosis accelerated by C. pneumoniae in a mouse model.

Keywords: C. pneumoniae; atherosclerosis; hyperlipidaemia; treatment; prevention.

{dagger} Present address. Innere Medizin III, Ruprecht-Karl-Universitat Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

{ddagger} Present address. Department of Anesthesia, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.


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