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JAC Advance Access published online on January 28, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dki002
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JAC © The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005; all rights reserved
Received July 8, 2004
Revised December 1, 2004
Accepted December 6, 2004

Brief report

Intracellular persistence of Escherichia coli in urinary bladders from mecillinam-treated mice

M. B. Kerrn 1*, C. Struve 2, J. Blom 3, N. Frimodt-Møller 4, and K. A. Krogfelt 2

1 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Parasitology, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Center of Antimicrobials and Infection Control, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Parasitology, Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Department of Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
4 National Center of Antimicrobials and Infection Control, Copenhagen, Denmark

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
M. B. Kerrn, E-mail: mbp{at}ssi.dk


  Abstract

Objectives: It has been suggested recently that intracellular bacteria surviving antibiotic treatment might serve as a reservoir for recurrent infection. The purpose of this study was to directly examine the location of Escherichia coli bacteria in the mouse bladder after treatment with mecillinam.

Methods: The bladders were studied by use of colony counts, in situ hybridization and electron microscopy.

Results: The bacterial counts in the bladder remained ~103-4 cfu/bladder even after mecillinam treatment had finished, and re-growth in the urine was observed. In the bladder epithelium from treated mice, bacteria cells were occasionally seen, presumably representing intracellularly located bacteria.

Conclusions: This is the first in vivo study indicating that during mecillinam treatment E. coli cells can penetrate the mouse bladder epithelium and persist.

Keywords: UTIs; mouse models; antibiotic treatments.
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