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JAC Advance Access published online on January 13, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkh524
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JAC © The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005; all rights reserved
Received June 10, 2004
Revised September 17, 2004
Accepted November 6, 2004

Original article

Molecular evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility of Tropheryma whipplei in axenic medium

A. Boulos 1, J. M. Rolain 1, M. N. Mallet 1, and D. Raoult 1*

1 Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
D. Raoult, E-mail: Didier.Raoult{at}medecine.univ-mrs.fr


  Abstract

Whipple's disease is a rare multisystem chronic infection, involving the intestinal tract as well as various other organs. Tropheryma whipplei is a slow-growing facultative intracellular bacterium that remains poorly understood. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing has previously been assessed in cells using a real-time quantitative PCR assay. In this study, we have evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility of three strains of T. whipplei grown in axenic medium using the same assay.

The active compounds in axenic medium were doxycycline, macrolide compounds, penicillin G, streptomycin, rifampicin, chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, teicoplanin, vancomycin, amoxicillin, gentamicin, aztreonam, levofloxacin and ceftriaxone, with MICs in the range 0.06-1 mg/L. Cefalothin was less active, with MICs in the range 2-4 mg/L. We found that co-trimoxazole was active with MICs in the range 0.5-1 mg/L, and sulfamethoxazole alone was active with MICs in the range 0.5-1 mg/L. MICs of trimethoprim varied from 64-128 mg/L.

Co-trimoxazole was effective in vitro, but this activity was due to sulfamethoxazole alone. These results were in accordance with the fact that T. whipplei does not contain the encoding gene for dihydrofolate reductase, the target for trimethoprim.

Keywords: Whipple's disease; antibiotics; real-time quantitative PCR; MICs.
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