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JAC Advance Access published online on July 21, 2004
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkh365
© 2004 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Received March 3, 2004
Revised June 12, 2004
Accepted June 14, 2004

Original article

Detection and assay of {beta}-lactamases in clinical and non-clinical strains of Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A

Sachin Sharma 1, Priya Ramnani 1, J. S. Virdi 1*

1 Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi--110 021, India

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: virdi_dusc{at}rediffmail.com.


  Abstract

Objectives: To detect {beta}-lactamases (A & B) and extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases (ESBLs) in clinical and non-clinical isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A, and to determine their activity in the presence of specific lactamase inhibitors.

Methods: The presence of {beta}-lactamases and ESBLs was detected by disc diffusion in 219 (36 clinical, 183 non-clinical) isolates. {beta}-Lactamase activity was assayed spectrophotometrically in all 36 clinical and 10 representative non-clinical isolates using nitrocefin as the substrate. Inhibition of {beta}-lactamases was studied by clavulanic acid, aztreonam and cloxacillin.

Results: Of the 219 isolates, all except two non-clinical isolates indicated the presence of {beta}-lactamase A (Bla-A) based on the smaller (2-8 mm) radius of the inhibition zone around the ticarcillin disc. Synergy between ticarcillin and co-amoxiclav discs was, however, observed in only 34% of isolates of non-clinical origin. {beta}-Lactamase B (Bla-B) was found to be consistently positive among all the clinical and non-clinical isolates, as indicated by its characteristic appearance of flattening of the zone of inhibition around the cefotaxime disc adjacent to an imipenem disc. Bla-B was induced more strongly in clinical than in non-clinical isolates. Inhibition of enzyme A by clavulanic acid, aztreonam and cloxacillin was found to be similar, whereas enzyme B was inhibited more strongly by aztreonam and cloxacillin. None of the isolates showed the unequivocal presence of ESBL.

Conclusion: This is the first report on {beta}-lactamases of Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A from Asia. Y. enterocolitica biovar 1A expressed both Bla-A and Bla-B. Heterogeneity was, however, discerned in the expression of Bla-A and by induction of Bla-B among clinical and non-clinical isolates of Y. enterocolitica biovar 1A.

Keywords: constitutive Bla-A; inducible Bla-B; nitrocefin; synergy.
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