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JAC Advance Access published online on July 1, 2004
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkh346
© 2004 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Received March 10, 2004
Revised May 31, 2004
Accepted June 2, 2004

Original article

Osteomyelitis prevention in rabbits using antimicrobial peptide hLF1-11- or gentamicin-containing calcium phosphate cement

Hein P. Stallmann 1, Christopher Faber 1, Antonius L. J. J. Bronckers 2, Arie V. Nieuw Amerongen 3, Paul I. J. M. Wuisman 4*

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral Cell Biology/ACTA, vd Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 Department of Oral Cell Biology/ACTA, vd Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
3 Department of Oral Biochemistry/ACTA, vd Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
4 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: orthop{at}vumc.nl.


  Abstract

Objectives: The efficacy of prophylactic treatment with human lactoferrin 1-11 (hLF1-11), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide, was studied in a rabbit model of femur infection.

Methods: Calcium phosphate cement with 50 mg/g hLF1-11 or gentamicin was injected into the femoral canal, after inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus. Three weeks later, slices of the proximal femora were sawn for quantitative bacterial culture and histology.

Results: Treatment with hLF1-11 (P<0.038) or gentamicin (P<0.008) caused a reduction of cfu compared with the untreated control rabbits. The number of sterile cultures was higher in hLF1-11- (3/7) and gentamicin- (5/6) treated animals than in controls (1/7). Radiological and histological analysis showed early bone ingrowth into the cement cracks, and only moderate pathological changes in rabbits with positive cultures.

Conclusions: Local prophylaxis with hLF1-11 effectively reduced development of osteomyelitis in a rabbit model, but gentamicin resulted in a larger number of sterile femora.

Keywords: biodegradable carriers; drug delivery; intramedullary infections; peptide antibiotics; animal models.
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C. Faber, H. P. Stallmann, D. M. Lyaruu, U. Joosten, C. von Eiff, A. van Nieuw Amerongen, and P. I. J. M. Wuisman
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