JAC Advance Access published online on February 25, 2004
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkh142
© 2004 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Leading Article
1 Service Universitaire
Régional des Maladies Infectieuses et du Voyageur, Centre
Hospitalier de Tourcoing,
Faculté de Médecine de Lille, 135, rue du Président
Coty--B.P.619, F 59208 Tourcoing; Laboratoire de Recherches Economiques et Sociales,
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 362, Lille, France
As more effective HIV therapies have become available,
resource constraints and cost-effectiveness have increasingly been
at the centre of the debate on HIV care. Economic analysis is an
important methodological approach to the understanding and establishment
of priorities for health interventions designed to combat HIV in
both high-income and low-income countries. In this paper, I briefly
discuss different types of clinical economic analysis, and then
consider the cost, affordability and cost-effectiveness of combination
antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients in high-income and low-income
countries. In high-income countries, HIV disease has become an expensive
treatable chronic disease, with annual expenditures per patient
of about US\$ 20 000. Cost-effectiveness analyses show that
antiretroviral therapeutic regimens offer good value for the resources
spent compared to many other accepted health care interventions.
In low-income countries, major programmes of combination antiretroviral
therapy distribution are being planned and becoming operational
as drug prices plummet and resources increase. More refined cost-effectiveness
analyses are needed to evaluate available HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment,
and care, and to identify the interventions that provide the best
value for money.
Keywords: pharmacoeconomics, low-income countries, high-income
countries, antiretroviral therapeutic regimens
Costs associated with combination antiretroviral
therapy in
HIV-infected patients
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