JAC Advance Access published online on March 3, 2004
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkh130
© 2004 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Original article
1 The Triangle Research
and Development Center, Kfar-Qaraa; Department of Human Microbiology, Tel-Aviv University,
School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv;
* Corresponding author. E-mail: erubins{at}yahoo.com.
Received 17 December 2003
; accepted 22 December 2003
Objectives: The aim of this study
was to investigate in vitro the post-antibiotic
effect (PAE) of 19 antibacterial agents against two strains of Bacillus anthracis (ST-1 and Sterne strains). Methods: PAE was determined by calculating the
time required for the viable counts of antibiotic-exposed bacteria
(at concentrations of 10x MIC and exposure
for 2 h) at 37°C to increase by 1 log10 above
the counts observed immediately after antibiotic removal compared
with the corresponding time for controls not exposed to antibiotics. Results: The PAEs of the fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin,
ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and garenoxacin) were 2-5
h. The macrolide (erythromycin, clarithromycin and telithromycin)
PAEs were 1-4 h, and that of clindamycin was 2 h. The PAEs
induced by tetracycline and minocycline were 1-3 h. The
PAEs induced by the Conclusions: Our results indicate that the PAE
is unrelated to the MIC but may be related to the rapidity of bacterial
kill. These observations may bear importance on treatment regimens
of human anthrax.
Keywords: anthrax, PAE, susceptibility
In vitro post-antibiotic effect
of fluoroquinolones, macrolides,
-lactams, tetracyclines, vancomycin,
clindamycin, linezolid, chloramphenicol, quinupristin/dalfopristin
and rifampicin on
Bacillus anthracis
2 The Triangle Research
and Development Center, Kfar-Qaraa;
3 Toronto Centre for Antimicrobial Research & Evaluation (ToCARE),
Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada
4 Department of Human Microbiology, Tel-Aviv University,
School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv; Infectious
Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, School
of Medicine, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel;
-lactams (penicillin
G, amoxicillin and ceftriaxone), vancomycin, linezolid and chloramphenicol were
1-2 h. The PAE induced by rifampicin was 4-5 h.
Quinupristin/dalfopristin had the longest PAE, lasting for 7-8
h.
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