JAC Advance Access published online on January 16, 2004
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkh059
© 2004 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Brief report
1 Institut für
Tierzucht der Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft
(FAL), Höltystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany;
* Corresponding author. E-mail: stefan.schwarz{at}fal.de.
Received 15 July 2003
; revised 3 November 2003
; accepted 6 November 2003
Objectives: Prior to the renewal of
spectinomycin licensing for veterinary uses in Germany, 154 Pasteurella multocida and
148 Mannheimia haemolytica strains from respiratory
tract infections in cattle were investigated for their MICs of spectinomycin
and other antimicrobial agents. The data obtained should serve as
a baseline from which to judge the future development of resistance.
Moreover, the in vitro activity of spectinomycin
in comparison with other antimicrobials should be assessed. Methods: MIC determination for all 302 strains
was performed by the broth dilution method and evaluated according
to NCCLS standards. MIC50 and MIC90 values
were calculated. Strains resistant to spectinomycin were subjected
to PCR assays for genes known to mediate spectinomycin resistance
in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results: With the exception of resistance to
sulfamethoxazole in P. multocida and M.
haemolytica, and resistance to ampicillin in M.
haemolytica, an overall low level of resistance was detected.
A total of 93.5% of the P. multocida and
98.6% of the M. haemolytica strains were
susceptible to spectinomycin, with MIC90s of 32 mg/L.
PCR analysis showed that none of the spectinomycin-resistant strains
carried any of the aadA gene subtypes, nor the
genes spc or aad(9). Conclusions: Prior to the renewal of spectinomycin,
only a small number of spectinomycin-resistant strains was detected
among bovine P. multocida and M. haemolytica.
The genes responsible for spectinomycin resistance in these strains
seemed to be different from those so far known to occur in other
Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
Keywords: antibiotic resistance, aminocyclitol antibiotics,
MIC determination, PCR analysis
In vitro activities of spectinomycin
and comparator agents
against Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia
haemolytica
from respiratory tract infections of cattle
2 US Biologicals Clinical Affairs,
Pfizer Animal Health, Kalamazoo, MI 49001;
3 US Biologicals Development, Pfizer
Animal Health, Kalamazoo, MI 49001, USA
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