JAC Advance Access published online on October 29, 2003
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkg473
© 2003 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Brief report
1 Department of Microbiology
and Tumor Biology--MTC, Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska
Institute,
Karolinska Hospital L2:02, Stockholm, SE-171 76;
* Corresponding author. E-mail: malin.grape{at}ks.se.
Received 9 July 2003
; revised 10 September 2003
; accepted 15 September 2003
Objectives: The aim of this study
was to investigate the molecular basis of an observed increasing
resistance to trimethoprim and sulphonamides despite a simultaneous
decline in co-trimoxazole consumption. The distribution of sulphonamide
resistance genes sul1, sul2 and
the recently discovered sul3 was studied in a collection
of clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. Methods: PCR with primers specific for sul1, sul2 and sul3 was used to detect
the three known sulphonamide resistance genes in the isolate collection.
Sequence analysis was used for confirmation of results. Restriction
endonuclease digestion and conjugational transfer assays were used
for plasmid analysis. Results: In 64 sulphonamide-resistant isolates,
39 sul1 genes and 48 sul2 genes
were detected. Twenty-five isolates carried both sul1 and sul2 and two were negative for both genes. With
PCR and sequence analysis these two were shown to harbour the new
sulphonamide resistance gene sul3, which was carried
by different plasmids. Conclusions: Sulphonamide resistance gene sul3, which is widespread among pigs in Switzerland,
has now also been identified in two different clinical isolates
of Escherichia coli, located in urinary tract infections
in patients in Sweden.
Keywords: urinary tract infections, PCR, plasmids
Sulphonamide resistance gene sul3 found
in Escherichia coli
isolates from human sources
2 Department of Medical Biochemistry
and
Microbiology (IMBIM), Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 23, Sweden
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