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JAC Advance Access published online on July 15, 2003
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkg364
© 2003 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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© 2003 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Brief report

Susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis to eleven antimicrobial agents including novel fluoroquinolones and a ketolide

John Frean 1 , Keith P. Klugman 2 *, Lorraine Arntzen 1 , and Stanley Bukofzer 3

1 National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg
2 MRC/University of the Witwatersrand/NHLS Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of International Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
3 Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Chicago, IL, USA

* Corresponding author. E-mail: kklugma{at}sph.emory.edu.

Received 3 April 2003 ; revised 4 June 2003 ; accepted 10 June 2003

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the susceptibility of southern African strains of Bacillus anthracis to new, investigational agents as well as conventional antibiotics.

Materials and methods: The MICs of 26 isolates of B. anthracis from South Africa and Zimbabwe, as well as the Sterne vaccine strain and a type culture strain, were determined by agar dilution.

Results: The most active antimicrobial agents were the novel ketolide ABT 773, new and conventional fluoroquinolones, and doxycycline; macrolides were intermediately active. The lack of activity of extended-spectrum cephalosporins against B. anthracis was confirmed.

Conclusions: Susceptibility to conventional antibiotics was in keeping with previous studies. Two new fluoroquinolones and a ketolide showed promising in vitro activity that would support their further evaluation in animal models of anthrax.

Keywords: anthrax, antibiotics, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, ketolides
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