JAC Advance Access published online on July 1, 2003
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkg291
© 2003 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Original article
1 Department of Microbiology,
Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan,
Republic of China
* Corresponding author. E-mail: aalin{at}ms24.hinet.net.
Received 15 January 2003
; revised 14 April 2003
; accepted 15 April 2003
The aim of this study was to search for new antiviral
agents from Chinese herbal medicine. Pure flavonoids and aqueous
extracts of Caesalpinia pulcherrima Swartz were
used in experiments to test their influence on a series of viruses,
namely herpesviruses (HSV-1, HSV-2) and adenoviruses (ADV-3, ADV-8,
ADV-11). The EC50 was defined as the concentration required
to achieve 50% protection against virus-induced cytopathic effects,
and the selectivity index (SI) was determined as the ratio of CC50 (concentration
of 50% cellular cytotoxicity) to EC50. Results
showed that aqueous extracts of C. pulcherrima and
its related quercetin possessed a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
Among them, the strongest activities against ADV-8 were fruit and
seed (EC50 = 41.2 mg/L, SI = 83.2),
stem and leaf (EC50 = 61.8 mg/L, SI = 52.1)
and flower (EC50 = 177.9 mg/L, SI = 15.5),
whereas quercetin possessed the strongest anti-ADV-3 activity (EC50 = 24.3
mg/L, SI = 20.4). In conclusion, some compounds of C.
pulcherrima which possess antiviral activities may be derived
from the flavonoid of quercetin. The mode of action of quercetin
against HSV-1 and ADV-3 was found to be at the early stage of multiplication
and with SI values greater than 20, suggesting the potential use
of this compound for treatment of the infection caused by these
two viruses.
Keywords: HSV-1, HSV-2, ADV-3, ADV-8, ADV-11
In vitro antiviral activities
of Caesalpinia pulcherrima and its related flavonoids
2 Department of Clinical Pathology,
Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan,
Republic of China
3 Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan,
Republic of China
4 Graduate Institute of
Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan,
Republic of China
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