JAC Advance Access published online on November 28, 2002
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkg031
© 2002 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Original Paper
1 Department of Microbiology
and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
30322
* Corresponding author. E-mail: wshafer{at}emory.edu.
Received 10 January 2002
; revised 4 July 2002
; accepted 9 October 2002
The mtrCDE-encoded efflux pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae provides gonococci with a mechanism
to resist structurally diverse antimicrobial hydrophobic agents
(HAs). Strains of N. gonorrhoeae that display
hypersusceptibility to HAs often contain mutations in the efflux pump
genes, mtrCDE. Such strains frequently contain
a phenotypically suppressed mutation in mtrR, a
gene that encodes a repressor (MtrR) of mtrCDE gene
expression, and one that would normally result in HA resistance.
We have recently examined HA-hypersusceptible clinical isolates
of gonococci that contain such phenotypically suppressed mtrR mutations,
in order to determine whether genes other than mtrCDE are
involved in HA resistance. These studies led to the discovery of
a gene that we have designated mtrF, located downstream
of the mtrR gene, that is predicted to encode a
56.1 kDa cytoplasmic membrane protein containing 12 transmembrane domains.
Expression of mtrF was enhanced in a strain deficient
in MtrR production, indicating that this gene, together with the
closely linked mtrCDE operon, is subject to MtrR-dependent transcriptional
control. Orthologues of mtrF were identified in
a number of diverse bacteria. Except for the AbgT protein of Escherichia
coli, their products have been identified as hypothetical proteins
with unknown function(s). Genetic evidence is presented that MtrF
is important in the expression of high-level detergent resistance
by gonococci. We propose that MtrF acts in conjunction with the
MtrC-MtrD-MtrE efflux pump, to confer on gonococci
high-level resistance to certain HAs.
Identification of a cell envelope protein (MtrF)
involved in hydrophobic antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria
gonorrhoeae
2 Department of Microbiology
and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
30322; Laboratories of Microbial
Pathogenesis, VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
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