JAC Advance Access published online on November 28, 2002
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkg002
© 2002 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Original Paper
1 Bacterial Molecular Genetics
Unit, Centro de Investigaciones, Universidad El Bosque, Transv 9a
Bis No. 133-25, Bogotá; Surgical
Microbiology Service, Department of Surgery, Fundación
Santa Fé de Bogotá,
Calle 116 No. 9-02, Bogotá, Colombia
* Corresponding author. E-mail: caa22{at}cantab.net.
Received 4 July 2002
; revised 2 August 2002
; accepted 20 September 2002
Invasive isolates of staphylococci and enterococci
were collected from 15 tertiary care centres in five Colombian cities
from 2001 to 2002. A total of 597 isolates were available for analysis. Identification
was confirmed by both automated methods and multiplex PCR assays
in a central laboratory. Staphylococcus aureus and
coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) corresponded to 49.6% and
29.6% of isolates, respectively, and 20.8% were
identified as enterococci. MICs of ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol,
erythromycin, gentamicin, linezolid, oxacillin, rifampicin, teicoplanin,
tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) and vancomycin were
determined using an agar dilution method as appropriate. Screening
for vancomycin-resistant S. aureus was also carried
out on brain-heart infusion agar plates supplemented with vancomycin.
The presence of mecA and van genes
was investigated in methicillin-resistant staphylococci and glycopeptide-resistant
enterococci (GRE), respectively. All staphylococci were susceptible
to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. No VISA isolates were
found. In S. aureus and CoNS, the
lowest rates of resistance were found for SXT (7.4%) and
chloramphenicol (10.7%), respectively. Resistance to oxacillin
in S. aureus and CoNS was 52% and 73%, respectively.
The mecA gene was detected in 97.5% of
methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. In enterococci,
resistance to glycopeptides was 9.7%: vanA (58.3%)
and vanB (41.7%) genes were found. Pulsed-field
gel electrophoresis indicated that the GRE isolates were closely
related. Rates of resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol,
rifampicin and high levels of gentamicin and streptomycin were 9.7%,
27.4%, 8.9%, 43%, 17% and 28.2%,
respectively. All enterococci were susceptible to linezolid.
Keywords: staphylococci, enterococci, resistance, Colombia
Multicentre surveillance of antimicrobial resistance
in enterococci and staphylococci from Colombian hospitals, 2001-2002
2 Bacterial Molecular Genetics
Unit, Centro de Investigaciones, Universidad El Bosque, Transv 9a
Bis No. 133-25, Bogotá
3 Surgical
Microbiology Service, Department of Surgery, Fundación
Santa Fé de Bogotá,
Calle 116 No. 9-02, Bogotá, Colombia
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