JAC Advance Access published online on September 20, 2002
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkf152
© 2002 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Original Paper
1 Department of Microbiology, City Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham
B18 7QH, UK
* Corresponding author. E-mail: r.wise{at}bham.ac.uk.
Received 18 September 2001
; revised 1 March 2002
; accepted 19 June 2002
In this study the in vitro activities
and pharmacodynamic properties of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin
and gemifloxacin were compared on recently isolated respiratory
pathogens and strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae with
known mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance. In addition, the
resistance selection frequencies of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin
on three recently isolated respiratory pathogens and four strains
of S. pneumoniae with known mechanisms of fluoroquinolone
resistance were investigated. The four fluoroquinolones had similar
activities against both Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90s
0.015-0.06 mg/L) and Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90s
0.008-0.03 mg/L). More marked differences in activity were
noted with S. pneumoniae, with
MIC90s of 0.25, 1, 0.5 and 0.03 mg/L for moxifloxacin,
levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and gemifloxacin, respectively. With
the S. pneumoniae strains, the four fluoroquinolones exhibited
similar concentration-dependent time-kill kinetics. The
resistance selection frequencies of levofloxacin were higher than
those of moxifloxacin at concentrations equivalent to those at the
end of the dosing interval. Therefore moxifloxacin may have less
of an impact on the development of resistance than levofloxacin.
Comparison of the in vitro activities
of several new fluoroquinolones against respiratory pathogens and
their abilities to select
fluoroquinolone resistance
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