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JAC Advance Access originally published online on December 11, 2008
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2009 63(2):282-289; doi:10.1093/jac/dkn500
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Original research

Association of IS26-composite transposons and complex In4-type integrons generates novel multidrug resistance loci in Salmonella genomic island 1

Benoît Doublet1,2,*, Karine Praud2, François-Xavier Weill1 and Axel Cloeckaert2

1 Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Laboratoire des Bactéries Pathogènes Entériques, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France 2 INRA, UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France

Received 25 September 2008; returned 4 November 2008; revised 13 November 2008; accepted 17 November 2008

* Corresponding author. UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique Site 213, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 37380 Nouzilly, France. Tel: +33-2-47-42-72-95; Fax: +33-2-47-42-77-74; E-mail: benoit.doublet{at}tours.inra.fr

Objectives: Clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Haifa and Newport, which displayed extended multidrug resistance phenotypes, were investigated for the presence of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) and the genetic organization of its antibiotic resistance gene clusters.

Methods: The S. enterica strains were isolated from humans in France in 2003 and 2004. Antibiotic susceptibility tests and various molecular techniques were used for detection and characterization of SGI1.

Results: We identified SGI1 integrated in the 3' end of the chromosomal thdF gene in six multidrug-resistant serovar Haifa and Newport strains. Two strains, of serovar Haifa and Newport, harboured the previously described SGI1-H variant. A new variant of the novel SGI1-Ks group, named SGI1-K6, revealed IS26-mediated rearrangements of the antibiotic resistance gene cluster in two serovar Newport strains. Two other serovar Newport strains harboured the SGI1-L complex class 1 integron containing the dfrA15 and blaPSE-1 resistance gene cassettes. In addition, these variants of SGI1 also contained large IS26-composite transposons inserted by a transposition event in the SGI1 backbone. These IS26-composite transposons showed a similar genetic structure to the SGI1-K variants containing an In4-type integron, a mercury resistance operon and parts of Tn1721 and Tn5393. These extended resistance gene clusters containing up to 10 antibiotic resistance genes were named SGI1-L1 and -L2.

Conclusions: The serovar Haifa represents the 16th S. enterica serovar in which SGI1 has been identified. The genomic island SGI1 appears to be a hotspot of acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes by the transposition of In4-type integrons and large IS26-composite transposons.

Keywords: Newport , Haifa , antibiotics , SGI1 , variants


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