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JAC Advance Access originally published online on May 4, 2007
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2007 60(1):152-155; doi:10.1093/jac/dkm117
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Determination of ethambutol MICs for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium isolates by resazurin microtitre assay

G. P. S. Jadaun, Chhaya Agarwal, Hirdesh Sharma, Zafar Ahmed, Prashant Upadhyay, Jaya Faujdar, Anuj Kumar Gupta, Ram Das, Pushpa Gupta, D. S. Chauhan, V. D. Sharma and V. M. Katoch*

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (Indian Council of Medical Research), PO Box 1101, Dr M. Miyazaki Marg, Tajganj, Agra 282001, India

Received 21 January 2007; returned 23 February 2007; revised 27 March 2007; accepted 28 March 2007

* Corresponding author. Tel: +91-562-2331756; Fax: +91-562-2331755; E-mail: jalma{at}sancharnet.in or vishwamohan_katoch{at}yahoo.co.in

Objectives: To test susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates to ethambutol by the Löwenstein–Jensen (LJ) proportion method and resazurin microtitre assay (REMA) and to evaluate REMA for the determination of ethambutol MICs for MTB and Mycobacterium avium isolates.

Methods: A total of 50 MTB and 20 M. avium isolates were tested to determine the MICs of ethambutol by REMA and agar dilution method. MTB isolates were also tested by the LJ proportion method.

Results: REMA provided ethambutol susceptibility results for all the isolates within 8–9 days. For MTB isolates, REMA showed 96.7% sensitivity, 100.0% specificity and 98.0% accuracy when LJ proportion results were taken as ‘gold standard’. For both MTB and M. avium isolates, the MICs determined by REMA were lower than those determined in agar medium, indicating that MIC values determined by REMA are closer to the actual MICs for the isolates.

Conclusions: REMA can be used as a rapid and inexpensive method for mycobacterial drug susceptibility testing against ethambutol. In comparison with the agar method, the MICs determined by REMA can more accurately be correlated with achievable plasma concentrations of antimycobacterial agents.

Keywords: mycobacteria , drug susceptibility , M. tuberculosis , M. avium


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