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JAC Advance Access originally published online on July 1, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006 58(2):256-265; doi:10.1093/jac/dkl224
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Reviews

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the tetracyclines including glycylcyclines

Kenneth N. Agwuh1 and Alasdair MacGowan2,*

1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Old Medical School, Leeds General Infirmary Great George Street, Leeds LS1 2EX, UK 2 Bristol Centre for Antimicrobial Research & Evaluation, Department of Medical Microbiology, Southmead Hospital Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK

*Corresponding author. Tel: +44-117-959-5652; Fax: +44-117-959-3154; E-mail: alasdair.macgowan{at}nbt.nhs.uk

The pharmacokinetics of tetracyclines and glycylcyclines are described in three groups. Group 1, the oldest group, represented by tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, demeclocycline, lymecycline, methacycline and rolitetracycline is characterized by poor absorption after food. Group 2, represented by doxycycline and minocycline, is more reliably absorbed orally, while group 3, represented by the glycylcycline tigecycline, is injectable only, with an improved antibacterial spectrum compared with the tetracyclines. Though incompletely understood, the pharmacodynamic properties of the tetracyclines and glycylcyclines are summarized.

Keywords: pharmacokinetics , pharmacodynamics , tetracyclines


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