JAC Advance Access originally published online on May 10, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006 58(1):198-201; doi:10.1093/jac/dkl181
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In vitro assessment of antimicrobial peptides as potential agents against several oral bacteria
1 Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel 2 Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel 3 Laboratory of Antimicrobial Peptides Investigation (LAPI), Department of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa, Israel
Received 16 December 2005; returned 2 March 2006; revised 2 April 2006; accepted 16 April 2006
*Corresponding author. Tel: +972-2-6757117; Fax: +972-2-6758561; E-mail: bgilad{at}md.huji.ac.il
Background: Antimicrobial peptides are components of the innate immunity that play an important role in systemic and oral health.
Objectives: The antibacterial activity of the amphibian-derived K4-S4(1-15)a antimicrobial peptide was tested against oral pathogens associated with caries and periodontitis and compared with the activities of the human-derived antimicrobial peptides LL-37 and dhvar4a.
Methods: Growth inhibition of planktonic bacteria was tested using standard microdilution assays. Live/Dead staining followed by confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was used to determine the bactericidal effect of K4-S4(1-15)a on Streptococcus mutans attached to a glass surface or grown as biofilm.
Results: The cariogenic species S. mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus paracasei and Actinomyces viscosus were resistant to LL-37 found in the oral cavity. Porphyromonas gingivalis was the species most resistant to the three tested peptides. K4-S4(1-15)a demonstrated the highest activity against the tested planktonic bacteria. In addition, K4-S4(1-15)a was bactericidal to surface-attached S. mutans as well as to S. mutans biofilms grown in vitro. However, surface attachment increased S. mutans resistance to the antimicrobial peptide.
Conclusions: Our results support growing evidence suggesting the use of antimicrobial peptides for prevention and treatment of oral disease.
Keywords: oral infection , biofilm , LL-37 , dermaseptin , histatin-5
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