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JAC Advance Access originally published online on April 4, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006 57(6):1030-1034; doi:10.1093/jac/dkl123
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Leading articles

Antiviral options for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B

Melissa K. Osborn1,{dagger} and Anna S. F. Lok2,*

1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA, USA 2 Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical Center 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, 3912 Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0362, USA

*Corresponding author. Tel: +1-734-615-4628; Fax: +1-734-936-7392; E-mail: aslok{at}med.umich.edu

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important cause of end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Effective treatment can delay or prevent these outcomes. The decision to treat is based on the activity of liver disease and HBV replication status, and the likelihood of a long-term benefit. Approved therapies include standard and pegylated interferon-alfa and nucleoside analogues: lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir. Current therapies do not eradicate HBV so long-term treatment is usually required. Development of drug resistance is a major concern with long-term treatment. Even with successful therapy, patients remain at risk for reactivation of viral replication and require lifelong monitoring.

Keywords: interferon , lamivudine , adefovir , entecavir , natural history


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