JAC Advance Access originally published online on August 11, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005 56(4):773-776; doi:10.1093/jac/dki281
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Global distribution of TEM-1 and ROB-1 ß-lactamases in Haemophilus influenzae
GR Micro Limited, 7–9 William Road, London NW1 3ER, UK
Received 12 April 2005; returned 19 May 2005; revised 30 June 2005; accepted 14 July 2005
* Corresponding author. Tel: +44-20-73887320; Fax: +44-20-73887324; E-mail: D.Farrell{at}grmicro.co.uk
Objectives: To determine the global distribution of TEM-1 and ROB-1 ß-lactamases in Haemophilus influenzae isolated from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infection during the first 4 years of the PROTEKT study (1999–2003). To investigate the activities of commonly used antibiotics against these isolates.
Methods: For 14 870 H. influenzae, MIC testing was performed using NCCLS broth microdilution methodology. For 2225 ß-lactamase-positive (BLP) H. influenzae, TEM-1 and ROB-1 genes were detected using a Taqman PCR method.
Results: ß-Lactamase positivity was 15.0% overall but varied greatly by country (<5% in several countries to 67.9% in Taiwan). Prevalences of TEM-1 and ROB-1 BLP H. influenzae were 93.7% and 4.6%, respectively, however almost all ROB-1 isolates were found in Canada, the USA and Mexico. ROB-1 isolates (n = 102) were less susceptible against cefaclor (29.4% versus 87.6%) and cefprozil (42.2% versus 91.9%) than TEM-1 (n = 2085) isolates. Differences in susceptibility rates for chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline were also found between the two groups.
Conclusions: The ROB-1 ß-lactamase was found almost exclusively in North America and was more active against cefaclor and cefprozil than the TEM-1 ß-lactamase.
Keywords: surveillance , resistance genes , cefaclor , cefprozil
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