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JAC Advance Access originally published online on June 9, 2004
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2004 54(1):255-258; doi:10.1093/jac/dkh269
JAC vol.54 no.1 © The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2004; all rights reserved.

Long-term dissemination of an OXA-40 carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii clone in the Iberian Peninsula

G. J. Da Silva1,*, S. Quinteira2,3, E. Bértolo4, J. C. Sousa2, L. Gallego5, A. Duarte4 and L. Peixe2 on behalf of the Portuguese Resistance Study Group{dagger}

1 Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra and Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos, Couraça dos Apóstolos, 51 r/c Esq., 3000-432 Coimbra; 2 Faculdade da Farmácia, Universidade do Porto; 3 Escola Superior de Saúde do Vale do Ave, VN Famalicão; 4 Faculdade da Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; 5 Departamento de Imunologia, Microbiologia and Parasitologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Pais Vasco, Bilbao, Spain

* Corresponding author. Tel: +351-239-852567; Fax: +351-239-852569; Email: gjsilva{at}ci.uc.pt

Objective: The main objectives of this study were to assess the clonal relatedness of Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem-resistant isolates recovered from the Iberian Peninsula and to investigate the production of carbapenemases.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-two imipenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates were collected from 1998 to 2003 in three Portuguese university hospitals. An imipenem-resistant isolate (988FFP strain) recovered in 1995 from a smaller hospital unit, was also included, as well as an OXA-40-producing A. baumannii Spanish strain (SM28). Susceptibility tests were carried out by disc diffusion and Etest methods. DNA fingerprints were obtained by PFGE of ApaI-digested chromosomal DNA. Carbapenemase activity was determined by a bioassay and spectrophotometry. The detection of the blaOXA-40 gene was conducted through PCR analysis, cloning and nucleotide sequencing.

Results: All the isolates presented a similar multi-resistance pattern, including imipenem (MIC >32 mg/L). The Iberian isolates showed an identical PFGE pattern with minor band variations, including isolate 988FFP collected in 1995. PCR results revealed a blaOXA-type gene in 65 isolates and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of the blaOXA-40 gene in seven representative Portuguese isolates from the various geographically dispersed hospitals.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that a multi-resistant epidemic clone of A. baumannii, carrying blaOXA-40, is disseminated in the Iberian Peninsula, persisting in Portugal since 1995.

Keywords: Acinetobacter spp. , epidemic clones , oxacillinases , ß-lactamases


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