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JAC Advance Access originally published online on June 9, 2004
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2004 54(1):243-246; doi:10.1093/jac/dkh287
JAC vol.54 no.1 © The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2004; all rights reserved.

In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Extractum liquiritiae, glycyrrhizin and its metabolites

Rea Krausse1,*, Jens Bielenberg2, Wolfgang Blaschek3 and Uwe Ullmann1

1 Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 4, 24105 Kiel; 2 Raphael-Pharmacy, Westerhorn; 3 Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Kiel, Germany

* Corresponding author. Tel: +49-431-597-3298; Fax: +49-431-597-3296; Email: r.krausse{at}medmicrobio.uni-kiel.de

Objectives: To investigate the in vitro activity of Extractum liquiritiae (EL), glycyrrhizic acid (GL), glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and a novel lipophilic derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid monoglucuronide (GAMG), acetylated GAMG (aGAMG), against 29 Helicobacter pylori strains.

Methods: The MIC of each compound was determined by the agar dilution method, and the killing kinetics were monitored in brain heart infusion broth (~106–107 cfu/mL) at 0, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h.

Results: GA was the most potent compound (MIC50 /90, 50/100 mg/L), inhibiting 79.3% of the strains at MIC ≤50 mg/L. Clarithromycin-resistant strains were susceptible at 12.5 and 25 mg/L, and metronidazole-resistant strains at 25–50 and at 200 mg/L. The MIC distribution (mg/L) of aGAMG was ≤6.25 (29.2%), 50 (4.2%), 100–200 (12.5%) and ≥400 (54.1%). EL and GL were less active (MICs >400 mg/L). GA exhibited rapid, concentration and strain-dependent bactericidal activity.

Conclusions: The potent in vitro activity of GA against H. pylori provides a further explanation for its beneficial effect on peptic ulcers. Its effectiveness against clarithromycin-resistant strains provides hope that it can form the basis for an alternative therapeutic agent against H. pylori.

Keywords: Helicobacter , liquorice , glycyrrhetinic acid , novel derivatives


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