JAC Advance Access originally published online on March 31, 2004
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2004) 53, 867-871
© 2004 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Acquisition and epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in a cohort of newborn calves
1 Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG; 2 Epidemiology Unit, Scottish Agricultural College, Drummondhill, Stratherrick Road, Inverness IV2 4JZ; 3 Scottish Agricultural College, Centre for Microbiological Research, Ferguson Building, Craibstone, Aberdeen AB21 9YA; 4 Scottish Agricultural College, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QE, UK
Received 29 October 2003; returned 8 January 2004; revised 9 February 2004; accepted 10 February 2004
Objectives: The acquisition of antibiotic-resistant commensal Escherichia coli was examined in a cohort of newborn calves.
Methods: Faecal samples were collected weekly from calves over a 4 month period and screened for E. coli resistant to ampicillin, apramycin and nalidixic acid at concentrations of 16, 8 and 8 mg/L, respectively. E. coli viable counts were performed on samples from a subset of calves.
Results: All calves acquired ampicillin- and nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli, while only 67% acquired apramycin-resistant E. coli during the study. Sixty-seven per cent of samples were resistant to at least one of the three antibiotics. Prevalence of ampicillin and nalidixic acid resistance was high initially and declined significantly with age (P < 0.001). No temporal or age-related pattern was observed in the prevalence of apramycin resistance. Housing the cohort had a significant effect on the prevalence of nalidixic acid resistance (P < 0.001). Total and ampicillin- and nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli counts declined with calf age (P < 0.001), with the rate of decline in ampicillin-resistant counts being greater than that for total counts (P < 0.001). The proportion of total E. coli counts that were resistant to ampicillin or nalidixic acid also declined with age (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Cohort calves rapidly acquired antibiotic-resistant bacteria within days of birth. Carriage of resistant bacteria was associated with both age and housing status of the cohort.
Keywords: antibiotic resistance, E. coli, cattle
* Corresponding author. Tel: +44-131-650-7573; Fax: +44-131-651-3903; E-mail: Darren.Shaw{at}ed.ac.uk
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