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JAC Advance Access originally published online on December 12, 2002
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2003) 51, 83-91
© 2003 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Efficacy of liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin compared with ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone in a rat model of pneumococcal pneumonia

Martin H. Ellbogen1,2,3,4, Keith M. Olsen5, Martha J. Gentry-Nielsen1,2,3,4 and Laurel C. Preheim1,2,3,4,*

1 Infectious Diseases Section; 2 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105; 3 Creighton University School of Medicine; 4 University of Nebraska College of Medicine; 5 University of Nebraska College of Pharmacy, Omaha, NE, USA

Received 3 July 2002; returned 9 August 2002; revised 20 September 2002; accepted 26 September 2002

Encapsulation of ciprofloxacin in sterically stabilized liposomes results in a prolonged circulation time and improved pharmacokinetics. Liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin was compared with conventional ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone in a rat model of pneumococcal pneumonia. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were infected transtracheally with type 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae and then treated with intravenous ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg), ciprofloxacin (40 or 80 mg/kg) or liposomal ciprofloxacin (40 or 80 mg/kg) administered once or twice daily for 3 days. White blood counts, development of bacteraemia and mortality were measured for 10 days. Antibiotic concentrations in serum, lung lavage fluid and white blood cells recovered from lung lavage fluid were determined. Liposomal ciprofloxacin concentrations were significantly higher in serum and lavage fluid compared with conventional ciprofloxacin, resulting in greater area under the serum concentration–time curve and maximum serum concentration. Despite these higher concentrations, survival rates were similar between groups treated with equivalent doses of liposomal ciprofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin. When antibiotics were given once daily, ceftriaxone was more effective than either form of ciprofloxacin.

Keywords: liposomal ciprofloxacin, rat pneumonia model, experimental pneumococcal pneumonia, rat model of pneumococcal pneumonia

* Corresponding author. Tel: +1-402-449-0650; Fax: +1-402-977-5601; E-mail: laurel.preheim{at}med.va.gov


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