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JAC Advance Access originally published online on September 20, 2002
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2002) 50, 495-502
© 2002 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Comparison of the in vitro activities of several new fluoroquinolones against respiratory pathogens and their abilities to select fluoroquinolone resistance

F. J. Boswell, J. M. Andrews, G. Jevons and R. Wise*

Department of Microbiology, City Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK

Received 18 September 2001; returned 1 March 2002; revised 12 April 2002; accepted 19 June 2002

In this study the in vitro activities and pharmacodynamic properties of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and gemifloxacin were compared on recently isolated respiratory pathogens and strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae with known mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance. In addition, the resistance selection frequencies of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin on three recently isolated respiratory pathogens and four strains of S. pneumoniae with known mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance were investigated. The four fluoroquinolones had similar activities against both Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90s 0.015–0.06 mg/L) and Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90s 0.008–0.03 mg/L). More marked differences in activity were noted with S. pneumoniae, with MIC90s of 0.25, 1, 0.5 and 0.03 mg/L for moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and gemifloxacin, respectively. With the S. pneumoniae strains, the four fluoroquinolones exhibited similar concentration-dependent time–kill kinetics. The resistance selection frequencies of levofloxacin were higher than those of moxifloxacin at concentrations equivalent to those at the end of the dosing interval. Therefore moxifloxacin may have less of an impact on the development of resistance than levofloxacin.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +44-121-507-4255; Fax: +44-121-551-7763; E-mail: r.wise{at}bham.ac.uk


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