Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2002) 50, 331-338
© 2002 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Sequence and genome context analysis of a new molecular class D ß-lactamase gene from Legionella pneumophila
Bristol Centre for Antimicrobial Research and Evaluation (BCARE), Departments of 1 Biochemistry and 2 Pathology & Microbiology, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
Received 8 February 2002; returned 26 April 2002; revised 2 May 2002; accepted 5 June 2002
Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia-1 (ATCC 33152) produces a serine active site ß-lactamase. The chromosomal gene that encodes this enzyme, loxA, has been cloned by PCR using information from the L. pneumophila Philadelphia-1 genome sequencing project. LoxA is a class 2d penicillinase, and its sequence puts it into the molecular class D ß-lactamase family, although phylogenetic analysis shows that LoxA forms a distinct branch in the OXA family along with the LoxA homologue, OXA-29, from Legionella gormanii ATCC 33297T. Upstream of loxA on the L. pneumophila Philadelphia-1 chromosome is a two-gene locus similar to that found linked to the ß-lactamase genes of Gram-positive bacteria. The unit consists of loxI, encoding a homologue of the Gram-positive ß-lactamase expression regulator, and pbpX, encoding a putative penicillin-binding transpeptidase. Despite the presence of ß-lactamase regulator homologues, we could find no evidence of LoxA induction upon challenge of L. pneumophila Philadelphia-1 with ß-lactams.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +44-117-9287439; Fax: +44-117-9288274; E-mail: Matthewb.Avison{at}bris.ac.uk
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