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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2002) 49, 875-878
© 2002 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

A randomized controlled trial of azithromycin versus doxycycline/ciprofloxacin for the syndromic management of sexually transmitted infections in a resource-poor setting

Roxana Rustomjee1,*, A. B. M. Kharsany2, C. A. Connolly3 and S. S. Abdool Karim4

1Unit for Clinical and Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Medical Research Council, King George V Hospital, PO Box 19494, Domerton 4015; 2Department of Medical Microbiology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Durban; 3Medical Research Council, Durban; 4University of Natal, Durban, South Africa

Received 10 August 2001; returned 20 November 2001; revised 16 January 2002; accepted 18 February 2002.

A randomized controlled trial was carried out to assess the effectiveness of azithromycin versus a standard regimen with doxycycline/ciprofloxacin in the treatment of sexually transmitted infections in a resource-poor environment. Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis was cured in 23/24 (95.8%) of women in the azithromycin arm versus 19/21 (90.5%) in the doxycycline arm (P = 0.6), resulting in three treatment failures. Gonorrhoea was cured in 55/56 (98.2%) women, with one treatment failure in a patient with concomitant C. trachomatis infection. These results indicate that a single oral dose of azithromycin may prove to be a more effective and convenient treatment for sexually transmitted infections in women in a resource-poor environment

Keywords: azithromycin, Chlamydia trachomatis, gonorrhoea, sexually transmitted disease

* Corresponding author. Tel: +27-31-2071675; Fax: +27-31-2086053; E-mail: roxana.rustomjee{at}mrc.ac.za


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