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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2000) 45, 541-545
© 2000 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Brief reports

Failure of oily chloramphenicol depot injection to treat plague in a murine model

Lila Rahalisona, Annie Guiyouleb, Stephane P. Bonacorsic, Ivan Slacanind, Suzanne Chanteaua and Elisabeth Carnielb,*

a Laboratoire de la Peste, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo, Madagascar; b National Reference Laboratory and WHO Collaborating Center for Yersinia, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15; c Hôpital Robert Debré, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 75019 Paris, France; d Laboratoire Central, Rue du Canal 1, 2502 Bienne, Switzerland

Effective low-cost single-dose therapy would be invaluable in treating human plague. The efficacy of single- or two-dose injections of oily chloramphenicol (OCm) was compared with that of standard multiple injections of reference drugs (streptomycin or chloramphenicol) in a murine plague model. A single injection of OCm was ineffective. Two doses cleared bacteraemia and limited bacterial growth in the mouse spleen but were less effective in reducing mortality than standard therapy. However, because of the marked pharmacokinetic differences between mice and humans, the failure of depot injection of OCm in murine plague treatment is not indicative of its ineffectiveness in human plague.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +33-1-45-68-83-26; Fax: +33-1-40-61-30-01; E-mail: carniel2{at}pasteur.fr


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