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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (1999) 43, 1-4
© 1999 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Leading article |
Integrons and gene cassettes: a genetic construction kit for bacteria
Bristol Centre for Antimicrobial Research and Evaluation (BCARE), University of Bristol, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
The battle between humans and microbes has been waged since time immemorial. For a brief period, following the discovery and development of the main groups of antibiotics, mankind appeared to gain the upper hand against the legion of bacteria responsible for much morbidity and mortality among humans and their domestic animals, but the advantage was illusory, because the bacteria were quietly and efficiently evolving and acquiring resistance genes and resistance gene arrays that provided them with protection against the pharmacopoeia of antibiotics deployed to contain them.
Bacteria constantly surprise us and no more so than within the arena of antibiotic
resistance. Bacteria have access, in principle, to a large selection of resistance genes scattered
throughout the bacterial kingdom and mechanisms have evolved to reassort these genes, moving
them genetically from one DNA molecule to another and physically from one bacterial cell to
another. Indeed, bacteria can be considered to have
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