JAC Advance Access published online on May 16, 2008
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkn182
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Original research |
Dissemination of the CTX-M-25 family β-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae and identification of the novel enzyme CTX-M-41 in Proteus mirabilis in Israel
Division of Epidemiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Received 10 January 2008; returned 26 March 2008; revised 26 February 2008; accepted 1 April 2008
* Corresponding author. Tel: +972-3-692-5644; Fax: +972-3-697-4966; E-mail: shiri_nv{at}tasmc.health.gov.il
Objectives: The CTX-M-25 family of β-lactamases is a closely related family of enzymes found rarely in the world. We aimed to describe the occurrence and to understand the dissemination of this extended-spectrum β-lactamase family among Enterobacteriaceae strains in our hospital.
Methods: Fifty-four CTX-M-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains collected from 2000 to 2005 were screened for blaCTX-M-25 genes by PCR and sequencing. Genetic relatedness was analysed by PFGE. Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by VITEK-2. Plasmids encoding blaCTX-M-25-type genes were isolated, transformed and analysed by Southern blot using a blaCTX-M-25 probe. Chromosomal location of blaCTX-M-25-type was studied by I-CeuI restriction analysis. The blaCTX-M-25 genetic environment was characterized by PCR mapping and partial sequencing.
Results: Ten out of 54 CTX-M-producing isolates (18.5%) carried blaCTX-M-25 genes, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 4), Escherichia coli (n = 3), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 1) and Proteus mirabilis (n = 2). Isolates were genetically unrelated. Four β-lactamases were found: CTX-M-25, CTX-M-26, CTX-M-39 and CTX-M-41, a new member of the family (accession no. DQ023162 [GenBank] ) that differed from CTX-M-25 in three amino acids, Ala80Val, Val106Ile and Ile126Ser. blaCTX-M-25-type genes were plasmid-mediated in all genera but P. mirabilis, organized in a class I integron and located downstream of an ISEcp1 element. The genes were encoded on different plasmids with varying degree of similarities. Several antibiotic-resistant determinants conferring resistance to trimethoprim and aminoglycosides existed on the same integron.
Conclusions: blaCTX-M-25 exists in Israel in different enteric species. Spread of these enzymes within and between species is due to transfer of plasmids with common regions and by dissemination of determinants encoding these genes. CTX-M-41, a novel member of this family, was identified in the chromosome of P. mirabilis.
Key Words: plasmids , spread , integrons
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