JAC Advance Access originally published online on April 27, 2009
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2009 64(1):73-78; doi:10.1093/jac/dkp144
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Original research |
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin, doripenem, tigecycline and 16 other antimicrobials against Nocardia brasiliensis, Nocardia asteroides and unusual Nocardia species
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Yi-Min Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 2 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei County Hospital, Taipei County, Taiwan 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei County, Taiwan 5 Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan 6 Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan 7 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
Received 8 January 2009; returned 10 March 2009; revised 12 March 2009; accepted 30 March 2009
* Corresponding author. Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Rd, Taipei, Taiwan. Tel: +886-2-23123456, ext. 65355; Fax: +886-2-23224263; E-mail: hsporen{at}ntu.edu.tw
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (a novel non-fluorinated quinolone), doripenem, tigecycline and 16 other antimicrobial agents against the Nocardia species.
Methods: MICs of 19 antimicrobial agents for 125 clinical isolates of the Nocardia species were determined by the broth microdilution method.
Results: Nocardia brasiliensis (n = 61), Nocardia asteroides (n = 45), Nocardia flavorosea (n = 5), Nocardia otitidiscaviarum (n = 4), Nocardia farcinica (n = 3), Nocardia beijingensis (n = 2), Nocardia puris (n = 2) and one each of Nocardia nova, Nocardia jinanensis and Nocardia takedensis were identified based on a 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. For N. brasiliensis isolates, the MIC90s of the tested quinolones were in the order nemonoxacin < gemifloxacin = moxifloxacin < levofloxacin = ciprofloxacin, and the MIC90s of the tested carbapenems were in the order doripenem = meropenem < ertapenem < imipenem. Tigecycline had a lower MIC90 (1 mg/L) than linezolid (8 mg/L). For N. asteroides isolates, the MIC90s of the tested quinolones were in the order nemonoxacin < gemifloxacin = moxifloxacin < levofloxacin < ciprofloxacin, and the MIC90s of the tested carbapenems were in the order doripenem = meropenem = imipenem < ertapenem. For the other 19 Nocardia species isolates, nemonoxacin showed good activity with the lowest MIC90 of the tested quinolones. Among the four tested carbapenems, doripenem and meropenem had comparatively lower MIC90s.
Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study suggest that nemonoxacin, linezolid and tigecycline show promise as treatment options for nocardiosis. Further investigation of their clinical role is warranted.
Keywords: antimicrobial susceptibilities , quinolones , linezolid , nocardiosis
These authors contributed equally to this work.
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