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JAC Advance Access originally published online on September 26, 2008
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2008 62(6):1181-1187; doi:10.1093/jac/dkn405
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and animals: zoonosis or humanosis?

Marina Morgan*

Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Devon & Exeter Foundation NHS Trust, Church Lane, Exeter, Devon EX2 5AD, UK

* Tel: +44-1392-402-970; Fax: +44-1392-412-835; E-mail: marina.morgan{at}rdeft.nhs.uk

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasing worldwide. Occasionally, animals are colonized or infected incidentally with human strains. Recently, however, new strains of MRSA emerging from within the animal kingdom, particularly in pigs, are causing human infection. MRSA has been reported in species as diverse as companion animals, horses and pigs, through to chinchillas, bats and parrots. In contrast, whereas strains of community-associated MRSA, the majority of which carry genes encoding Panton–Valentine leucocidin, are spreading rapidly in human populations, only sporadic cases have been reported in animals to date. Although MRSA has been found in some meat products, the implications for human infection through consumption are unclear. This review examines the epidemiology of MRSA in animals and human attendants/owners, the diagnosis and management of MRSA colonization, infection and infection control strategies in animals.

Keywords: MRSA , Panton–Valentine leucocidin , companion animals , horses , pigs


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