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JAC Advance Access originally published online on July 20, 2007
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2007 60(4):775-781; doi:10.1093/jac/dkm269
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from diagnostic samples from dogs

Karl Pedersen1,2,*, Kristina Pedersen2,3, Helene Jensen2,3, Kai Finster3, Vibeke F. Jensen2 and Ole E. Heuer4

1 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbojlen 7, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark 2 National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark 3 Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Aarhus, Building 540, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 4 National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, DK-2860 Søborg, Denmark

Received 15 May 2007; returned 12 June 2007; revised 22 June 2007; accepted 26 June 2007

* Corresponding author. Tel: +45-35-33-27-03; E-mail: kape{at}life.ku.dk

Objectives: To study the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among common bacterial pathogens from dogs and relate resistance patterns to data on consumption of antimicrobials.

Methods: The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 201 Staphylococcus intermedius, 37 Streptococcus canis, 39 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 25 Pasteurella multocida, 29 Proteus spp. and 449 Escherichia coli isolates from clinical submissions from dogs were determined by a broth-dilution method for determination of minimal inhibitory concentration. Data for consumption of antimicrobials were retrieved from VetStat, a national database for reporting antimicrobial prescriptions.

Results: The majority of the antimicrobials prescribed for dogs were broad-spectrum compounds, and extended-spectrum penicillins, cephalosporins and sulphonamides + trimethoprim together accounted for 81% of the total amount used for companion animals. Resistance to cephalosporins and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid was very low for all bacterial species examined, except for P. aeruginosa, and resistance to sulphonamides and trimethoprim was low for most species. Among the S. intermedius isolates, 60.2% were resistant to penicillin, 30.2% to fusidic acid and 27.9% to macrolides. Among E. coli isolates, the highest level of resistance was recorded for ampicillin, sulphonamides, trimethoprim, tetracyclines and streptomycin. Certain differences in resistance patterns between isolates from different sites or organs were noticed for E. coli, S. intermedius and Proteus isolates.

Conclusions: This investigation provided data on occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in important pathogenic bacteria from dogs, which may be useful for the small animal practitioner. Resistance was low to the compounds that were most often used, but unfortunately, these compounds were broad-spectrum. Data on resistance and usage may form a background for the establishment of a set of recommendations for prudent use of antimicrobials for companion animals.

Keywords: Staphylococcus intermedius , Escherichia coli , Streptococcus canis , pyoderma , companion animals


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