JAC Advance Access originally published online on August 4, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006 58(4):873-877; doi:10.1093/jac/dkl310
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Longitudinal European surveillance study of antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae
Eijkman-Winkler Center for Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht G 04.614, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
Received 28 April 2006; returned 25 May 2006; revised 7 July 2006; accepted 9 July 2006
*Corresponding author. Tel: +31-30-2503566; Fax: +31-30-2541770; E-mail: W.T.M.Jansen{at}umcutrecht.nl
Objectives: We assessed the current resistance rates of Haemophilus influenzae against ß-lactams and other agents in Europe and compared the results with those of our previously performed surveillance study.
Methods: MICs of the antibiotics were determined using broth microdilution. The penicillin-binding domain of PBP3 of ß-lactamase (BL)-negative, amoxicillin-resistant (BLNAR) isolates was sequenced.
Results: The percentage of BL-positive and BLNAR strains ranged from 0% to 17.6% and 0% to 33.9%, respectively. Compared with 1997/98 and 2002/03, the overall percentage of strains non-susceptible to amoxicillin decreased from 19.8% and 23.3%, respectively, to 16.4% in 2004/05. The percentage of BL-producing strains decreased from 11.0% and 13.7%, respectively, to 7.6%, whereas the number of BLNAR strains remained stable (8.8% and 9.6%, respectively, versus 8.8% in 2004/05). Comparison of penicillin binding protein (PBP) 3B gene sequences between BLNAR and susceptible strains revealed novel amino acid mutations.
Conclusions: In spite of large inter-regional differences, the overall resistance of H. influenzae to amoxicillin in Europe seems to decline due to a decreasing number of BL-producing strains, whereas the overall percentage of BLNAR strains seems relatively constant.
Keywords: ß-lactams , amoxicillin , penicillin binding proteins
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