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JAC Advance Access originally published online on February 27, 2006
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006 57(4):585-588; doi:10.1093/jac/dkl049
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Leading article

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8+ T cells in individuals with HIV infection: correlation with protection from CMV disease

S. F. Stone1,*, P. Price2,3 and M. A. French2,3

1 School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; 2 School of Surgery and Pathology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; 3 Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemical Genetics, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

* Corresponding author. Tel: +1-216-368-1882; Fax: +1-216-368-5415; E-mail: sfs13{at}case.edu

CD8+ cytotoxic T cells play a key role in immunological protection from clinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. Numbers of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells are increased in untreated and antiretroviral-treated HIV patients compared with healthy controls. Accumulation of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells during HIV infection may reflect persistent reactivation of CMV owing to suboptimal immune control and/or oligoclonal expansion of the limited populations of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells present before antiretroviral therapy (ART). CD8+ T cells directed against the CMV immediate early (IE)-1 protein may play an important role in preventing CMV replication to pathogenic levels. However, immunological protection from CMV disease in HIV-infected individuals on ART does not appear to depend on total numbers of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells but rather on the presence of both effector-memory and effector CMV-specific CD8+ T cells that produce interferon-{gamma} and/or perforin in response to CMV antigens.

Keywords: pp65 , immediate early 1 , perforin , interferon-{gamma}


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