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JAC Advance Access originally published online on December 13, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006 57(2):190-198; doi:10.1093/jac/dki439
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Published by Oxford University Press 2005

Genetic relatedness of a rarely isolated Salmonella: Salmonella enterica serotype Niakhar from NARMS animal isolates

J. D. Tankson1, P. J. Fedorka-Cray1,*, C. R. Jackson1 and M. Headrick2

1 USDA/Agricultural Research Services, Bacterial and Epidemiology Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, 950 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA; 2 US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, 7500 Standish Place HFV-200, Rockville, MD 20855, USA

Received 7 July 2005; returned 8 September 2005; revised 3 November 2005; accepted 7 November 2005

* Corresponding author. Tel: +1-706-546-3685; Fax: +1-706-546-3066; E-mail: pcray{at}saa.ars.usda.gov

Background: In the United States, Salmonella enterica serotype Niakhar is infrequently isolated. Between 1997 and 2000, the animal arm of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System—Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) assayed a total of 22 383 Salmonella isolates from various animal sources (swine, cattle, chickens, turkeys, cats, horses, exotics and dogs) for antimicrobial susceptibility. Isolates originated from diagnostic and non-diagnostic submissions.

Objectives: To study the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Salmonella Niakhar.

Methods and results: Only five (0.02%) of the 22 383 isolates were identified as Salmonella Niakhar. Antimicrobial resistance testing indicated that three isolates were pan-susceptible, one isolate was resistant to ampicillin and one isolate was resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. RAPD–PCR analysis, PFGE and ribotyping indicated that two pan-susceptible isolates were genetically similar, whereas the three remaining isolates were genetically different. The one Salmonella Niakhar isolate that was multiresistant harboured a class I integron, intI1 and two large plasmids.

Conclusions: This study represents the first report of a ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella isolate from the animal arm of NARMS.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance , multiple drug resistance , integrons , PFGE , ribotyping


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