JAC Advance Access originally published online on July 14, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005 56(3):463-469; doi:10.1093/jac/dki245
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Review |
Emergence of plasmid-mediated resistance to quinolones in Enterobacteriaceae
Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris Sud, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, K.-Bicêtre, France
* Corresponding author. Tel: +33-1-45-21-36-32; Fax: +33-1-45-21-63-40; E-mail: nordmann.patrice{at}bct.ap-hop-paris.fr
Although quinolone resistance results mostly from chromosomal mutations in Enterobacteriaceae, it may also be mediated by plasmid-encoded Qnr determinants. Qnr proteins protect DNA from quinolone binding and compromise the efficacy of quinolones such as nalidixic acid. Qnr proteins (QnrA-like, QnrB and QnrS) have been identified worldwide with a quite high prevalence among Asian isolates with a frequent association with clavulanic acid inhibited expanded-spectrum ß-lactamases and plasmid-mediated cephalosporinases. The qnrA genes are embedded in complex sul1-type integrons. A very recent identification of the origin of QnrA determinants in the water-borne species Shewanella algae underlines the role of the environment as a reservoir for this emerging threat. It may help to determine the location of in vivo transfer of qnrA genes. Further analysis of the role (if any) of quinolones for enhancing this gene transfer may be conducted. This could prevent the spread, if still possible, of this novel antibiotic resistance mechanism.
Keywords: nalidixic acid , Qnr , fluoroquinolones
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. C. Picao, L. Poirel, A. Demarta, C. S. F. Silva, A. R. Corvaglia, O. Petrini, and P. Nordmann Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Aeromonas allosaccharophila recovered from a Swiss lake J. Antimicrob. Chemother., September 3, 2008; (2008) dkn341v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. R. Minarini, L. Poirel, V. Cattoir, A. L. C. Darini, and P. Nordmann Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants among enterobacterial isolates from outpatients in Brazil J. Antimicrob. Chemother., September 1, 2008; 62(3): 474 - 478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Cattoir, P. Nordmann, J. Silva-Sanchez, P. Espinal, and L. Poirel ISEcp1-Mediated Transposition of qnrB-Like Gene in Escherichia coli Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., August 1, 2008; 52(8): 2929 - 2932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Chmelnitsky, S. Navon-Venezia, J. Strahilevitz, and Y. Carmeli Plasmid-Mediated qnrB2 and Carbapenemase Gene blaKPC-2 Carried on the Same Plasmid in Carbapenem-Resistant Ciprofloxacin-Susceptible Enterobacter cloacae Isolates Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., August 1, 2008; 52(8): 2962 - 2965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Lascols, I. Podglajen, C. Verdet, V. Gautier, L. Gutmann, C.-J. Soussy, E. Collatz, and E. Cambau A Plasmid-Borne Shewanella algae Gene, qnrA3, and Its Possible Transfer In Vivo between Kluyvera ascorbata and Klebsiella pneumoniae J. Bacteriol., August 1, 2008; 190(15): 5217 - 5223. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Jacoby, V. Cattoir, D. Hooper, L. Martinez-Martinez, P. Nordmann, A. Pascual, L. Poirel, and M. Wang qnr Gene Nomenclature Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., July 1, 2008; 52(7): 2297 - 2299. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. P. Pazhani, S. K. Niyogi, A. K. Singh, B. Sen, N. Taneja, M. Kundu, S. Yamasaki, and T. Ramamurthy Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Shigella species isolated from epidemic and endemic cases of shigellosis in India J. Med. Microbiol., July 1, 2008; 57(7): 856 - 863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Jurado, J. A. Orden, P. Horcajo, R. De La Fuente, J. A. Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, S. Martinez-Pulgarin, and G. Dominguez-Bernal Characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli strains from ruminants J Vet Diagn Invest, May 1, 2008; 20(3): 342 - 345. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. D. Pitout, Y. Wei, D. L. Church, and D. B. Gregson Surveillance for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Enterobacteriaceae within the Calgary Health Region, Canada: the emergence of aac(6')-Ib-cr J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2008; 61(5): 999 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Cesaro, R. R. D. Bettoni, C. Lascols, A. Merens, C. J. Soussy, and E. Cambau Low selection of topoisomerase mutants from strains of Escherichia coli harbouring plasmid-borne qnr genes J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2008; 61(5): 1007 - 1015. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lavilla, J. J. Gonzalez-Lopez, M. Sabate, A. Garcia-Fernandez, M. N. Larrosa, R. M. Bartolome, A. Carattoli, and G. Prats Prevalence of qnr genes among extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamase-producing enterobacterial isolates in Barcelona, Spain J. Antimicrob. Chemother., February 1, 2008; 61(2): 291 - 295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Veldman, W. van Pelt, and D. Mevius First report of qnr genes in Salmonella in The Netherlands J. Antimicrob. Chemother., February 1, 2008; 61(2): 452 - 453. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Moura, I. Henriques, R. Ribeiro, and A. Correia Prevalence and characterization of integrons from bacteria isolated from a slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant J. Antimicrob. Chemother., December 1, 2007; 60(6): 1243 - 1250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Ellington, R. Hope, J. F. Turton, M. Warner, N. Woodford, and D. M. Livermore Detection of qnrA among Enterobacteriaceae from South-East England with extended-spectrum and high-level AmpC {beta}-lactamases J. Antimicrob. Chemother., November 1, 2007; 60(5): 1176 - 1178. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Xu, S. Wu, X. Ye, Y. Liu, W. Shi, Y. Zhang, and M. Wang Prevalence and Expression of the Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant qnrA1 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., November 1, 2007; 51(11): 4105 - 4110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Ahmed, Y. Motoi, M. Sato, A. Maruyama, H. Watanabe, Y. Fukumoto, and T. Shimamoto Zoo Animals as Reservoirs of Gram-Negative Bacteria Harboring Integrons and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Appl. Envir. Microbiol., October 15, 2007; 73(20): 6686 - 6690. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Kehrenberg, K. L. Hopkins, E. J. Threlfall, and S. Schwarz Complete nucleotide sequence of a small qnrS1-carrying plasmid from Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Typhimurium DT193 J. Antimicrob. Chemother., October 1, 2007; 60(4): 903 - 905. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-J. Park, J. K. Yu, S. Lee, E.-J. Oh, and G.-J. Woo Prevalence and diversity of qnr alleles in AmpC-producing Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Citrobacter freundii and Serratia marcescens: a multicentre study from Korea J. Antimicrob. Chemother., October 1, 2007; 60(4): 868 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Perez, A. M. Hujer, K. M. Hujer, B. K. Decker, P. N. Rather, and R. A. Bonomo Global Challenge of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., October 1, 2007; 51(10): 3471 - 3484. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Yamane, J.-i. Wachino, S. Suzuki, K. Kimura, N. Shibata, H. Kato, K. Shibayama, T. Konda, and Y. Arakawa New Plasmid-Mediated Fluoroquinolone Efflux Pump, QepA, Found in an Escherichia coli Clinical Isolate Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 2007; 51(9): 3354 - 3360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Manzur, F. Tubau, M. Pujol, L. Calatayud, M. A. Dominguez, C. Pena, M. Sora, F. Gudiol, and J. Ariza Nosocomial Outbreak Due to Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase- Producing Enterobacter cloacae in a Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit J. Clin. Microbiol., August 1, 2007; 45(8): 2365 - 2369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Cattoir, L. Poirel, D. Mazel, C.-J. Soussy, and P. Nordmann Vibrio splendidus as the Source of Plasmid-Mediated QnrS-Like Quinolone Resistance Determinants Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., July 1, 2007; 51(7): 2650 - 2651. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Cattoir, L. Poirel, and P. Nordmann Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant QnrB4 Identified in France in an Enterobacter cloacae Clinical Isolate Coexpressing a QnrS1 Determinant Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., July 1, 2007; 51(7): 2652 - 2653. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Cattoir, F.-X. Weill, L. Poirel, L. Fabre, C.-J. Soussy, and P. Nordmann Prevalence of qnr genes in Salmonella in France J. Antimicrob. Chemother., April 1, 2007; 59(4): 751 - 754. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Castanheira, A. S. Pereira, A. G. Nicoletti, A. C. C. Pignatari, A. L. Barth, and A. C. Gales First Report of Plasmid-Mediated qnrA1 in a Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Escherichia coli Strain in Latin America Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., April 1, 2007; 51(4): 1527 - 1529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-J. Wu, W.-C. Ko, S.-H. Tsai, and J.-J. Yan Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants QnrA, QnrB, and QnrS among Clinical Isolates of Enterobacter cloacae in a Taiwanese Hospital Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., April 1, 2007; 51(4): 1223 - 1227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Poirel, V. Cattoir, A. Soares, C.-J. Soussy, and P. Nordmann Novel Ambler Class A {beta}-Lactamase LAP-1 and Its Association with the Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant QnrS1 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., February 1, 2007; 51(2): 631 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Ellington and N. Woodford Comment on: Quinolone resistance determinant qnrA3 in clinical isolates of Salmonella in 2000-2005 in Hong Kong J. Antimicrob. Chemother., January 1, 2007; 59(1): 157 - 157. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Pai, M.-R. Seo, and T. Y. Choi Association of QnrB Determinants and Production of Extended-Spectrum {beta}-Lactamases or Plasmid-Mediated AmpC {beta}-Lactamases in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., January 1, 2007; 51(1): 366 - 368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Poirel, C. Leviandier, and P. Nordmann Prevalence and Genetic Analysis of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants QnrA and QnrS in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from a French University Hospital Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., December 1, 2006; 50(12): 3992 - 3997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-P. Lavigne, H. Marchandin, J. Delmas, N. Bouziges, E. Lecaillon, L. Cavalie, H. Jean-Pierre, R. Bonnet, and A. Sotto qnrA in CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from France Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., December 1, 2006; 50(12): 4224 - 4228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-T. Chen, H.-Y. Shu, L.-H. Li, T.-L. Liao, K.-M. Wu, Y.-R. Shiau, J.-J. Yan, I.-J. Su, S.-F. Tsai, and T.-L. Lauderdale Complete Nucleotide Sequence of pK245, a 98-Kilobase Plasmid Conferring Quinolone Resistance and Extended-Spectrum-{beta}-Lactamase Activity in a Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., November 1, 2006; 50(11): 3861 - 3866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. H. Park, A. Robicsek, G. A. Jacoby, D. Sahm, and D. C. Hooper Prevalence in the United States of aac(6')-Ib-cr Encoding a Ciprofloxacin-Modifying Enzyme Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., November 1, 2006; 50(11): 3953 - 3955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. W. Buchko, S. Ni, H. Robinson, E. A. Welsh, H. B. Pakrasi, and M. A. Kennedy Characterization of two potentially universal turn motifs that shape the repeated five-residues fold--Crystal structure of a lumenal pentapeptide repeat protein from Cyanothece 51142. Protein Sci., November 1, 2006; 15(11): 2579 - 2595. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. W. Chu, T. K. M. Cheung, T. K. Ng, D. Tsang, W. K. To, K. M. Kam, and J. Y. C. Lo Quinolone resistance determinant qnrA3 in clinical isolates of Salmonella in 2000-2005 in Hong Kong J. Antimicrob. Chemother., October 1, 2006; 58(4): 904 - 905. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Garnier, N. Raked, A. Gassama, F. Denis, and M.-C. Ploy Genetic Environment of Quinolone Resistance Gene qnrB2 in a Complex sul1-Type Integron in the Newly Described Salmonella enterica Serovar Keurmassar. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 2006; 50(9): 3200 - 3202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-I. Morosini, M. Garcia-Castillo, T. M. Coque, A. Valverde, A. Novais, E. Loza, F. Baquero, and R. Canton Antibiotic Coresistance in Extended-Spectrum-{beta}-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and In Vitro Activity of Tigecycline. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., August 1, 2006; 50(8): 2695 - 2699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Robicsek, J. Strahilevitz, D. F. Sahm, G. A. Jacoby, and D. C. Hooper qnr Prevalence in Ceftazidime-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from the United States. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., August 1, 2006; 50(8): 2872 - 2874. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Kehrenberg, S. Friederichs, A. de Jong, G. B. Michael, and S. Schwarz Identification of the plasmid-borne quinolone resistance gene qnrS in Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis J. Antimicrob. Chemother., July 1, 2006; 58(1): 18 - 22. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Toleman, P. M. Bennett, and T. R. Walsh ISCR Elements: Novel Gene-Capturing Systems of the 21st Century? Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., June 1, 2006; 70(2): 296 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Ellington and N. Woodford Fluoroquinolone resistance and plasmid addiction systems: self-imposed selection pressure? J. Antimicrob. Chemother., June 1, 2006; 57(6): 1026 - 1029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. J. Gray, L. K. Wilson, A. Phiri, J. E. Corkill, N. French, and C. A. Hart Identification and characterization of ceftriaxone resistance and extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases in Malawian bacteraemic Enterobacteriaceae J. Antimicrob. Chemother., April 1, 2006; 57(4): 661 - 665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. A. Jacoby, K. E. Walsh, D. M. Mills, V. J. Walker, H. Oh, A. Robicsek, and D. C. Hooper qnrB, Another Plasmid-Mediated Gene for Quinolone Resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., April 1, 2006; 50(4): 1178 - 1182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Poirel, J. D. D. Pitout, L. Calvo, J.-M. Rodriguez-Martinez, D. Church, and P. Nordmann In Vivo Selection of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates Expressing Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Expanded-Spectrum {beta}-Lactamase. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., April 1, 2006; 50(4): 1525 - 1527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Poirel, A. Liard, J.-M. Rodriguez-Martinez, and P. Nordmann Vibrionaceae as a possible source of Qnr-like quinolone resistance determinants J. Antimicrob. Chemother., December 1, 2005; 56(6): 1118 - 1121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|