JAC Advance Access originally published online on May 10, 2005
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005 55(6):888-896; doi:10.1093/jac/dki103
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Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, ß-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cells
1 Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; 2 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; 3 Department of Microbiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan; 4 Department of Dermatology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Onsen-gun, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
* Correspondence address. Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. Tel: +81-82-257-5637; Fax: +81-82-257-5639; Email: hkomatsu{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp
Objectives: Antimicrobial peptides are one of the factors involved in innate immunity. The susceptibility of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to the major antimicrobial peptides produced by epithelia was investigated.
Methods: Synthetic antimicrobial peptides of human ß-defensin-1 (hBD1), hBD2, hBD3 and LL37 (CAP18) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against oral bacteria. They included Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (20 strains), Porphyromonas gingivalis (6), Prevotella intermedia (7), Fusobacterium nucleatum (7), Streptococcus mutans (5), Streptococcus sobrinus (5), Streptococcus salivarius (5), Streptococcus sanguis (4), Streptococcus mitis (2) and Lactobacillus casei (1).
Results: Although the four peptides had bactericidal activity against all bacteria tested, the degree of antibacterial activity was variable against the different strains and species. The antibacterial activity of hBD1 was lower than that of the other peptides. Among the bacteria tested in this study, F. nucleatum was highly susceptible to hBD3 and LL37, and S. mutans was highly susceptible to hBD3. We measured the Zeta-potential, representing the net charge of whole bacteria, to study the relationship between susceptibility to cationic peptide and the net charge of the bacteria. Although we found some correlation in A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, we did not find a definite correlation with all the bacterial species.
Conclusions: These results indicate that ß-defensins and LL37 have versatile antibacterial activity against oral bacteria.
Keywords: oral bacteria , defensins , cathelicidins
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